[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-050":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-114-3-內外科護理學-050","nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-050",114,3,50,"有關阻塞性黃疸的評估，下列敘述何者最適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"因膽紅素進入腸道，導致糞便呈茶色","鹼性磷酸酶指數（alkaline phosphate, ALP）大於正常值","凝血酶原時間（PT）檢測正常","與輸血引起的溶血反應有關","B",null,[],"本題考點在於阻塞性(膽汁鬱積性)黃疸的檢驗特徵。正解B:膽道阻塞使膽汁排出受阻,膽道上皮的鹼性磷酸酶(ALP)大量釋出,故ALP會高於正常值,是阻塞性黃疸的重要指標。A錯誤,膽紅素無法經膽道進入腸道,糞便因缺乏膽色素而呈灰白「陶土色」,尿液才變深茶色,敘述方向相反;C錯誤,膽汁鬱積影響脂溶性維生素K的吸收,凝血因子合成不足使凝血酶原時間(PT)「延長」而非正常;D錯誤,與輸血溶血反應有關的是「溶血性」黃疸(間接膽紅素上升),而非阻塞性。故選B。","黃疸分三類:溶血前性(間接膽紅素上升)、肝細胞性、阻塞後性(直接或結合膽紅素上升、ALP上升、γ-GT上升、糞灰白、尿茶色、皮膚癢)。阻塞性因膽鹽鬱積致皮膚搔癢、脂肪吸收不良與維生素K缺乏(PT延長,可補充維生素K矯正)。記憶:「阻塞→膽出不去→ALP高、糞白尿深、K不吸PT長」。",[24,26,29,31],{"term":25,"count":10},"阻塞性黃疸",{"term":27,"count":28},"鹼性磷酸酶ALP",1,{"term":30,"count":28},"結合型膽紅素與陶土色糞便",{"term":32,"count":28},"維生素K吸收與PT",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":28,"year":37,"session":28},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-001","陳先生T3～T5脊髓損傷，目前血壓250\u002F140 mmHg，心跳50～55次／分，有大量出汗情形，主訴頭部嚴重疼痛、看東西模糊，超過6小時以上未解尿，陳先生可能發生何種現象？",115,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":37,"session":42},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-047","有關糖化血色素（HbA1c）檢查之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",47,2,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":42},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-011","下列何者顯示結腸造口病人可能有貧血現象？",11,106,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":42},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-049","有關評估火場中病人是否有吸入性灼傷之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",49,107,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":28},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-013","有關風濕熱之敘述，下列何者正確？①最常侵犯三尖瓣 ②須使用抗生素治療 ③應多從事體能活動以強化心臟功能 ④若有心衰竭症狀須採低鹽飲食",13,109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":41,"year":61,"session":28},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-047","有關乳癌的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",110,"2026-09-04",1788510762272]