[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-041":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-114-3-內外科護理學-041","nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-041",114,3,41,"有關中樞性尿崩症，下列敘述何者最適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"尿比重 1.050","血漿滲透壓 290 mOsm\u002Fkg","多尿、劇渴、心搏過速","體液容積過多","C",null,[],"本題考點在於中樞性尿崩症(DI)因抗利尿激素(ADH)缺乏的病生理。正解C:ADH不足使腎臟無法濃縮尿液,導致大量排出稀釋尿(多尿)、體液流失引起劇渴與脫水,脫水又造成心搏過速代償,故C最符合。A錯誤,DI尿液極度稀釋,尿比重很低(常小於1.005),不會高達1.050;B錯誤,大量失水使血漿滲透壓「升高」(常大於295 mOsm\u002Fkg),290仍屬正常範圍不符;D錯誤,DI因失水造成體液容積「不足」而非過多,體液過多見於抗利尿激素分泌不當症候群(SIADH)。故選C。","DI與SIADH互為鏡像:DI(ADH下降)→多尿、稀尿、高血鈉、高血漿滲透壓、脫水;SIADH(ADH上升)→少尿、濃尿、低血鈉、水中毒。中樞性DI治療用去氨加壓素(DDAVP);腎因性DI則腎臟對ADH無反應。診斷可用禁水試驗。記憶:「缺ADH→水留不住→拼命排、拼命渴」。",[24,27,29,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"血漿滲透壓",4,{"term":28,"count":10},"中樞性尿崩症",{"term":30,"count":31},"抗利尿激素ADH",2,{"term":33,"count":34},"尿比重與尿滲透壓",1,[36,40,45,49,54,58],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-042","有關副甲狀腺功能低下病人之處置，下列敘述何者最不適當？",42,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":31},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-038","有關良性前列腺肥大的敘述，下列何者正確？",38,115,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":31,"year":48,"session":31},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-002","林先生手術移除額葉腦腫瘤後返回神經外科加護單位觀察，病人突然全身性抽搐，下列措施何者不適當？",106,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":31},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-040","一位 82 歲的老太太，因為癌症末期接受安寧療護，下列何者為護理目標？",40,107,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":26,"year":57,"session":34},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-004","關於多發性硬化症的敘述，下列何者正確？①為中樞神經系統髓鞘脫失而影響神經傳導 ②吞嚥困難為早期出現臨床表徵 ③腦脊髓液檢查發現 IgG 抗體增加 ④感染會引發疾病惡化",109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":43,"year":61,"session":34},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-038","有關化學藥物發生滲漏的敘述，下列何者正確？",110,"2026-09-04",1788510762198]