[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-037":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-114-3-內外科護理學-037","nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-037",114,3,37,"有關低血容性休克分期的進行期，下列敘述何者最不適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"身體代償機轉已無法逆轉休克的進行，會導致皮膚濕冷、體溫下降","心輸出量下降、血壓下降，可以選擇輸注等張 0.9%生理食鹽水","造成呼吸性酸中毒、乳酸轉換上升，需要避免輸注乳酸林格氏輸液","會造成血中尿素氮（BUN）上升及肌酸酐（creatinine）上升","C",null,[],"本題考點在於低血容性休克進行期的病生理與酸鹼變化。本題為反向題,要選最不適當者。錯誤敘述為C:休克進行期組織灌流不足、細胞行無氧代謝,乳酸堆積造成的是「代謝性酸中毒」而非「呼吸性酸中毒」,故C對酸鹼型別的描述有誤。A正確,代償失效時周邊血管收縮、灌流下降,出現皮膚濕冷與體溫下降;B正確,休克致心輸出量與血壓下降,可輸注等張的0.9%生理食鹽水擴充血容積;D正確,腎臟灌流不足使腎功能受損,血中尿素氮(BUN)與肌酸酐皆上升。故最不適當為C。","休克三期:代償期(交感興奮、血壓維持、心搏加快)、進行期(代償失效、血壓下降、代謝性酸中毒、器官低灌流)、不可逆期(細胞壞死、多重器官衰竭)。乳酸是組織缺氧的重要指標,乳酸清除率可評估復甦成效。記憶:「缺氧→無氧糖解→乳酸→代謝性酸中毒」,與換氣不足造成的呼吸性酸中毒機轉不同。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"代謝性酸中毒",22,{"term":28,"count":10},"低血容性休克",{"term":30,"count":10},"腎前性氮血症",{"term":32,"count":33},"無氧代謝乳酸堆積",1,[35,39,45,50,55,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-038","有關活體腎臟移植捐贈者，下列敘述何者最不適當？",38,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":44},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-034","張力性氣胸是指空氣滯留在以下那個部位無出口，造成吸氣時空氣進入，吐氣時卻無法排出，而產生單向瓣膜效應（one-way valve effect）？",34,115,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":33},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-078","有關大量傷患事故檢傷分類 START（Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",78,106,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":44},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-036","心臟週期的那一階段會出現第一心音？",36,107,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":44},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-080","有關嚴重急性呼吸道症候群（SARS）之臨床症狀，不包括下列何者？",80,108,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":42,"year":63,"session":33},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-034","決定心搏出量（stroke volume）的要素，下列何者錯誤？",110,"2026-09-04",1788510762166]