[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-025":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":32,"lastmod":61},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-114-3-內外科護理學-025","nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-025",114,3,25,"有關器官移植後發生急性排斥反應，下列敘述何者最適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"常見於移植後 12～24 小時內","T 淋巴球與巨噬細胞活性增加","常見於手術中，移植器官再度恢復血循前","無法治療，須立刻移除植入之器官","B",null,[],"本題考點在於器官移植後急性排斥反應的機轉與特性。考點在於免疫媒介與時序:急性排斥主要由細胞性免疫主導,T 淋巴球辨識移植物抗原後活化,並促使巨噬細胞浸潤,故 T 淋巴球與巨噬細胞活性增加,選 B。A 錯誤,移植後 12 至 24 小時內的立即反應屬超急性排斥,而非急性;急性排斥多發生於數天至數月內。C 錯誤,移植器官恢復血循前就發生的屬超急性排斥。D 錯誤,急性排斥並非無法治療,可用增強免疫抑制劑(如類固醇、抗淋巴球製劑)治療,不必立即摘除器官。四者中唯 B 正確描述其免疫機轉。","排斥反應依時間分三型:超急性(數分鐘至數小時,預存抗體引起,無法救治須摘除)、急性(數天至數月,T 細胞媒介的細胞性免疫為主,可用免疫抑制治療)、慢性(數月至數年,漸進性血管與纖維化病變,治療效果有限)。急性排斥表現為移植器官功能惡化與發炎指標上升。記憶:超急性=抗體秒殺、急性=T 細胞可救、慢性=纖維化難擋。",[24,27,30],{"term":25,"count":26},"急性排斥反應",2,{"term":28,"count":29},"T 淋巴球細胞性免疫",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"排斥反應分型與時序",[33,37,42,47,52,57],{"webId":34,"stem":35,"number":36,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-026","有關帶狀疱疹，下列敘述何者最適當？①感染痊癒後通常會有終生免疫力 ②避免摩擦造成水泡破裂，建議穿寬鬆柔軟衣服 ③當有神經痛症狀，可給予適當的止痛藥物 ④未患過水痘的人，應避免與帶狀疱疹病人接觸",26,{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":41,"session":26},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-022","有關體內封閉式放射線治療之護理措施，下列何者最不適當？",22,115,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":29},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-066","關於膀胱癌的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",66,106,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":26},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-024","鼻咽癌病人接受放射線治療的護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",24,107,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":26},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-068","下列何種內分泌機能低下會造成黏液性水腫？",68,108,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":40,"year":60,"session":29},"nurse-110-1-medical-surgical-022","為了避免白內障手術病人植入之水晶體移位，返家後活動限制的護理指導，下列何者錯誤？",110,"2026-09-04",1788510762070]