[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-3-fundamental-nursing-040":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":62},"基本護理學與護理行政","fundamental-nursing","基本護理學(包括護理原理、護理技術)與護理行政",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-114-3-基本護理學與護理行政-040","nurse-114-3-fundamental-nursing-040",114,3,40,"有關目標管理的成效，下列敘述何者最不適當？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"落實集權概念","促使部屬自我成長","加強管制功能","提高工作士氣","A",null,[],"本題考點在於目標管理（MBO, Management by Objectives）的成效與特性，屬反向題，須找出最不適當者。目標管理的精神是主管與部屬共同設定目標、參與決策並自我控制達成，屬分權與授權導向。錯誤（最不適當）敘述為 A『落實集權概念』，因目標管理強調的是分權、參與和賦權，與集權方向相反。B 促使部屬自我成長，因員工參與設定與檢討目標，可培養責任感與能力，正確。C 加強管制功能，因有明確、可衡量的目標作為績效控制的依據，正確。D 提高工作士氣，因參與感與成就感提升，正確。逐項比對後，唯 A 與 MBO 的分權本質相衝突，故為答案。","目標管理由 Drucker 提出，核心步驟：共同設定明確且可衡量的目標（呼應 SMART 原則）、賦予自主執行、定期檢討回饋、依成果評估。其效益在於方向一致、激發承諾、提供客觀績效基準與促進自我管理，本質是分權與參與。常見缺點則是過度重視可量化目標、短期導向與設定耗時。記憶：MBO 是『一起訂目標、自己管自己、看成果論功』，凡選項出現『集權、上對下命令、剝奪參與』即與其精神矛盾，屬反向題的答案指向。",[25,27,30,33],{"term":26,"count":11},"目標管理 MBO",{"term":28,"count":29},"自我控制",2,{"term":31,"count":32},"分權與參與",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"績效管制",[36,40,45,49,54,58],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-3-fundamental-nursing-041","有關護理人力彈性運用策略，下列敘述何者最適當？",41,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":29},"nurse-115-2-fundamental-nursing-037","新進護理人員訓練時，院長提及該院在未來五年要成為以社區為導向的優質區域醫院，此敘述最符合下列何者？",37,115,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":32,"year":48,"session":29},"nurse-106-2-fundamental-nursing-001","引起外生性院內感染的病菌，下列何者最常見？",106,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":29},"nurse-107-2-fundamental-nursing-039","有關脈搏之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",39,107,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":11,"year":57,"session":32},"nurse-109-1-fundamental-nursing-003","醫療院所為滿足病人安全的需求，下列措施何者正確？①定期舉辦火災防災演練 ②嚴格限制訪客 ③公共空間放置乾洗手液 ④利用條碼技術（barcode）給藥 ⑤地板定時清潔打蠟",109,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":43,"year":61,"session":32},"nurse-110-1-fundamental-nursing-037","正常成人之尿餘量應少於多少？",110,"2026-09-04",1788510761752]