[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-048":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-114-3-基礎醫學-048","nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-048",114,3,48,"有關真菌分類以及其細胞結構，下列敘述何者最不適當？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"真菌屬於真核生物，具有粒線體等胞器","真菌細胞膜含有固醇成份，並為部份抗真菌劑的作用標的","真菌具有細胞壁結構，其主要成份為胜肽聚糖","真菌具有細胞核","C",null,[],"本題考點在於真菌的分類地位與細胞構造，為反向題，須挑出最不適當者。依真菌細胞壁的組成，其主要成分為幾丁質(chitin)與葡聚醣(glucan)，而胜肽聚糖(peptidoglycan)是細菌細胞壁的特徵成分，故(C)敘述錯誤、為正解。其餘皆正確:(A)真菌屬真核生物，具粒線體等胞器;(B)真菌細胞膜含麥角固醇(ergosterol)，正是azole、polyene類抗真菌劑的作用標的;(D)真菌具有真正的細胞核，符合真核生物定義，皆屬適當敘述。","抗真菌藥的標的正對應這些構造:azole抑制ergosterol合成、amphotericin B結合ergosterol打洞、echinocandin抑制β-glucan合成攻擊細胞壁。因人類細胞膜用膽固醇而非麥角固醇，故這些藥具選擇性。記憶對比:細菌細胞壁=胜肽聚糖(β-lactam的標的)、真菌細胞壁=幾丁質+葡聚醣、真菌細胞膜=麥角固醇，把『壁』與『膜』的成分與對應藥物一起記最不易混淆。",[25,28,30,32,35],{"term":26,"count":27},"真菌細胞壁",2,{"term":29,"count":27},"幾丁質與葡聚醣",{"term":31,"count":27},"麥角固醇",{"term":33,"count":34},"胜肽聚糖",1,{"term":36,"count":34},"抗真菌劑標的",[38,42,47,52,57,62],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-049","以蟲媒為傳染媒介的病毒，下列何者配對錯誤？",49,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":27},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-045","金黃色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）若懸浮於人類的血漿中會促進纖維蛋白（fibrin）形成引發凝血，與下列那一種毒素最相關？",45,115,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":27},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-009","用力吸氣增大胸腔容積時，與下列何者的收縮無關？",9,106,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-047","下列那種甲狀腺癌的腫瘤細胞的細胞核常呈清澈樣（clear）或有假包涵體（pseudo-inclusions）？",47,107,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":34},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-011","下列何者是由入球小動脈（afferent arteriole）的管壁平滑肌細胞特化形成，能分泌腎活素（renin）調節血壓？",11,109,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":45,"year":65,"session":34},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-045","病人突然發生呼吸短促、呼吸困難。顯微鏡下可見支氣管壁的平滑肌肥大，黏膜下腺體增生，伴有炎症反應，特別是嗜酸性白血球（eosinophils）增多。上列敘述最可能是那一種病症的組織反應？",110,"2026-09-04",1788510761373]