[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-037":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":26},"nurse-114-3-基礎醫學-037","nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-037",114,3,37,"下列藥物中，何者可活化中樞神經 α2 受體，進而減少交感神經活性而達到降血壓效果？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"clonidine","hydralazine","propranolol","losartan","A",null,[],"本題考點在於中樞性降血壓藥的作用機轉。依中樞α2受體的負回饋機制，活化腦幹血管運動中樞的α2受體會抑制交感神經外流，使周邊血管阻力與心輸出量下降而降血壓，(A)clonidine正是中樞α2受體致效劑，故選A。(B)hydralazine為直接作用的小動脈血管擴張劑，透過鬆弛平滑肌降壓，非中樞機轉；(C)propranolol為非選擇性β受體阻斷劑，作用在心臟與周邊β受體；(D)losartan為血管收縮素II第一型受體(AT1)阻斷劑，屬RAAS阻斷藥，三者皆非中樞α2機轉。","clonidine突然停藥會出現反彈性高血壓，因中樞交感抑制被解除、兒茶酚胺爆發，故須逐步減量。同機轉的methyldopa在懷孕高血壓為首選。記憶口訣：α2在「突觸前\u002F中樞」是踩煞車的受體，被活化反而讓交感『少放電』，與α1收縮血管方向相反。此類藥常見副作用為嗜睡與口乾，反映中樞抑制特性。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":15,"count":26},2,{"term":28,"count":29},"中樞α2受體致效劑",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"交感神經活性",{"term":33,"count":29},"反彈性高血壓",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-038","關於質子幫浦抑制劑（proton pump inhibitors, PPIs），下列敘述何者錯誤？",38,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":26},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-034","下列憂鬱症治療劑中，何者之作用機轉是選擇性抑制血清素（serotonin）被神經細胞回收（uptake）？",34,115,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":29},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-078","病毒感染是藉由病毒套膜的糖蛋白 VAP 和細胞受器（receptor）結合而決定其感染細胞的專一性。下列何者是錯誤的結合？",78,106,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":26},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-036","慢性骨髓性白血病與下列那一個基因有關？",36,107,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":26},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-080","目前認為下列那種吸蟲感染與人類膽管癌的發生最有關係？",80,108,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":42,"year":62,"session":29},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-034","下列何種感染最容易發生在燒燙傷的病人？",110,"2026-09-04",1788510761265]