[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-030":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-114-3-基礎醫學-030","nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-030",114,3,30,"下列何種疾病是因為 FGFR3 基因突變而造成侏儒症（dwarfism）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"軟骨發育不全（achondroplasia）","纖維性發育不良（fibrous dysplasia）","佝僂病（rickets）","先天性成骨不全症（osteogenesis imperfecta）","A",null,[],"本題考點在於FGFR3基因突變所致的骨骼發育疾病。軟骨發育不全(achondroplasia)為體染色體顯性遺傳,因纖維母細胞生長因子受體3(FGFR3)發生功能獲得性突變,使軟骨內骨化受抑制、長骨生長受限,造成四肢短小、軀幹相對正常的不成比例侏儒症,故選A。纖維性發育不良(B)與GNAS基因突變相關;佝僂病(C)為維生素D缺乏致骨礦化不良;先天性成骨不全症(D)為第一型膠原蛋白基因(COL1A1\u002FCOL1A2)缺陷致骨脆易折,皆非FGFR3所致,故錯。","FGFR3在正常時是『踩剎車』抑制軟骨增生;功能獲得性突變讓剎車踩得更用力,長骨反而長不長。achondroplasia多為新生突變、與父親高齡相關。基因配對記憶:achondroplasia→FGFR3、成骨不全→COL1A、纖維性發育不良→GNAS、佝僂病→維生素D\u002F磷代謝。",[25,27,29,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"軟骨發育不全",{"term":28,"count":11},"軟骨內骨化",{"term":30,"count":31},"FGFR3基因",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"功能獲得性突變",[35,39,45,50,55,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-031","下列藥物中，何者為前驅藥物（prodrug）需要體內酵素代謝才會產生活性，但有些人可能因其代謝酵素活性較低，而使得該藥物之藥效減弱？",31,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":44},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-027","關於食道靜脈曲張的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",27,115,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":31},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-071","治療 A 族溶血性鏈球菌的感染病，以下列何種抗生素為優先？",71,106,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":44},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-029","若潮氣容積（tidal volume）為 450 毫升，解剖性死腔為 150 毫升，每分鐘的呼吸頻率為 12 次，則每分鐘的肺泡通氣量為多少毫升？",29,107,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":44},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-073","與未成熟的樹突細胞比較，下列何者是活化後的樹突細胞的主要免疫作用？",73,108,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":42,"year":63,"session":31},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-027","體抑素（somatostatin）最主要抑制下列何種激素的分泌？",110,"2026-09-04",1788510761196]