[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-023":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-114-3-基礎醫學-023","nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-023",114,3,23,"關於慢性阻塞性肺病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease），下列敘述何者最適當？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"好發於不吸菸的病患","FEV1 會上升","FEV1 與 FVC 的比值（FEV1 to FVC ratio）會上升","包括肺氣腫（pulmonary emphysema）和慢性支氣管炎（chronic bronchitis）","D",null,[],"本題考點在於慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)的定義與肺功能特徵。COPD是慢性、不完全可逆的氣流阻塞疾病,涵蓋肺氣腫(pulmonary emphysema)與慢性支氣管炎(chronic bronchitis)兩大病理型態,故D最適當、為正解。A錯:COPD好發於長期吸菸者而非不吸菸者。B錯:氣道阻塞使一秒用力吐氣量(FEV1)下降而非上升。C錯:阻塞型病變的FEV1下降幅度大於FVC,使FEV1\u002FFVC比值下降(常\u003C70%),而非上升,故三者皆錯。","肺功能判讀關鍵:阻塞型(COPD、氣喘)FEV1\u002FFVC下降;限制型(肺纖維化)FEV1與FVC同比下降、比值可正常或上升。COPD與氣喘都阻塞,但COPD多不可逆、氣喘支氣管擴張劑後可回復,是常見鑑別題。記『阻塞看比值降、限制看容積縮』。",[25,28,30,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"慢性阻塞性肺病",2,{"term":29,"count":27},"FEV1\u002FFVC比值",{"term":31,"count":32},"肺氣腫與慢性支氣管炎",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"阻塞型肺功能",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-024","心肌梗塞後的病理變化，在多久時間內，不論肉眼或光學顯微鏡下，都沒有明顯變化？",24,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":27},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-020","下列那個腦區主要負責接收迷走神經傳入訊號，並調控嘔吐反應？",20,115,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":32},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-064","帕金森氏症（Parkinson disease）之治療目標，在於重建病人腦中那兩種神經傳遞物質之正常平衡？",64,106,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-022","肉毒桿菌毒素造成肌肉麻痺的原因為何？",22,107,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":27},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-066","有關第一型過敏反應（Type I hypersensitivity），下列敘述何者錯誤？",66,108,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":43,"year":63,"session":32},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-020","二氧化碳在血液中運送的各種形式，其中比例最高的形式是下列何者？",110,"2026-09-04",1788510761121]