[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-022":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-114-3-基礎醫學-022","nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-022",114,3,22,"全身性紅斑性狼瘡（systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE）所造成的血球數目低下（cytopenia）病變，主要與下列何種過敏反應有關？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"第一型過敏反應","第二型過敏反應","第三型過敏反應","第四型過敏反應","B",null,[],"本題考點在於全身性紅斑性狼瘡(SLE)造成血球低下的免疫機轉屬何型過敏反應。SLE的紅血球、白血球或血小板減少,主要因自體抗體(IgG\u002FIgM)直接結合血球表面抗原,經補體活化或巨噬細胞吞噬而破壞血球,屬抗體媒介的第二型過敏反應(細胞毒性型),故選B。第一型(A)為IgE媒介的立即型過敏;第三型(C)為免疫複合物沉積型,是SLE腎炎、關節與皮膚病變的主機轉但非血球低下;第四型(D)為T細胞媒介的遲發型,皆與直接破壞血球的cytopenia機轉不同,故錯。","SLE可同時展現多型過敏:第二型(抗血球抗體→溶血性貧血、血小板低下)與第三型(DNA-抗DNA免疫複合物沉積→腎絲球腎炎)。本題特別鎖定『血球低下』對應第二型,要與『腎炎、血管炎』對應第三型分開記。Coombs試驗陽性即反映第二型抗體包覆紅血球。",[25,28,29,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"補體活化",4,{"term":16,"count":11},{"term":30,"count":31},"自體抗體與細胞毒性",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"SLE血球低下",[35,39,45,50,55,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-023","關於慢性阻塞性肺病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease），下列敘述何者最適當？",23,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":44},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-019","肺內的氧濃度小於 70 mmHg，對肺內血流的影響為何？",19,115,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":31},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-063","下列青黴素類（penicillins）抗生素中，何者因為不易被葡萄球菌產生之 penicillinase 破壞，所以主要用於治療葡萄球菌造成之感染？",63,106,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":44},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-021","下列何種症狀，主要肇因於黑質（substantia nigra）神經元退化？",21,107,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":44},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-065","培養無致病性的肺炎雙球菌時，添加已死亡之致病性肺炎雙球菌的何種物質，會使其成為有致病性的細菌？",65,108,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":42,"year":63,"session":31},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-019","心肌細胞興奮時會增加細胞質中鈣離子的濃度，下列敘述何者正確？",110,"2026-09-04",1788510761117]