[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-020":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":26},"nurse-114-3-基礎醫學-020","nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-020",114,3,20,"下列那種神經傳遞物質，對平滑肌細胞最可能會產生興奮性或抑制性作用？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"乙醯膽鹼","多巴胺","組織胺","血清素","A",null,[],"本題考點在於能對平滑肌同時產生興奮或抑制作用的神經傳遞物質。乙醯膽鹼(acetylcholine)的作用取決於接受它的蕈毒鹼受體亞型:作用於腸胃道平滑肌的M3受體使其收縮(興奮),但作用於竇房結與部分血管內皮則造成抑制或舒張,故同一傳遞物質可依受體不同產生興奮或抑制,選A。多巴胺(B)、組織胺(C)、血清素(D)雖各有多種受體,但本題以『對平滑肌最可能同時具興奮性或抑制性』的典型代表而言,乙醯膽鹼經蕈毒鹼受體亞型雙向作用最為明確,故選A。","神經傳遞物質的效應由『受體』決定而非傳遞物本身:ACh經M3(Gq,收縮)、M2(Gi,抑制心臟),同一分子雙向。這說明藥理學核心觀念『配體只是鑰匙、受體亞型與其偶合的G蛋白決定門後的反應』,可延伸複習擬副交感與抗膽鹼藥物在不同器官的相反效果。",[25,27,30,33],{"term":15,"count":26},8,{"term":28,"count":29},"平滑肌",2,{"term":31,"count":32},"蕈毒鹼受體亞型",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"受體決定效應",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-021","有關發炎反應的媒介物（mediators of inflammation），下列何者不是花生四烯酸（arachidonic acid）的代謝物？",21,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":29},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-017","下列何者不是造成男性不孕症的原因？",17,115,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":32},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-061","Ondansetron 之臨床適應症為：",61,106,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":29},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-019","下列何者是以手電筒照射眼睛引起瞳孔反射的傳入神經？",19,107,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":29},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-063","關於 corticosteroid 的臨床用途，下列何者錯誤？",63,108,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":43,"year":63,"session":32},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-017","何時次級卵母細胞（secondary oocyte）會完成第二次減數分裂？",110,"2026-09-04",1788510761089]