[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-018":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-114-3-基礎醫學-018","nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-018",114,3,18,"當腎臟分泌的氫離子與磷酸氫根結合後排出體外，血漿的淨反應為何？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"碳酸氫根增加、酸鹼值上升","碳酸氫根增加、酸鹼值下降","碳酸氫根減少、酸鹼值下降","碳酸氫根減少、酸鹼值上升","A",null,[],"本題考點在於腎臟以可滴定酸形式排氫並再生碳酸氫根的酸鹼調節。腎小管分泌的氫離子與管腔內磷酸氫根(HPO₄²⁻)結合成二氫磷酸(H₂PO₄⁻)隨尿排出,此為可滴定酸排泄;每排出一個H⁺,腎小管細胞內即生成並回收一個新的碳酸氫根(HCO₃⁻)進入血漿,使血漿碳酸氫根增加、酸鹼值上升(趨鹼),故選A。B、C將酸鹼值方向寫成下降,與排酸保鹼的淨效果相反;C、D又誤把碳酸氫根寫成減少,皆與機轉不符,故錯。","腎臟排酸有兩條路:可滴定酸(結合磷酸鹽)與銨(NH₄⁺)排泄,兩者都伴隨『新生HCO₃⁻回血』。可把它想成『排一個H⁺、賺一個HCO₃⁻』,這是代謝性酸中毒時腎臟代償的核心。與肺臟調PaCO₂的快速代償相比,腎臟調HCO₃⁻較慢但可持久,適合酸鹼平衡整體複習。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"可滴定酸排泄",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"碳酸氫根再生",{"term":31,"count":27},"腎臟酸鹼調節",{"term":33,"count":27},"氫離子分泌",[35,39,45,50,55,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-019","關於氣體擴散（diffusion）的描述，下列何者正確？",19,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":44},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-015","當血糖濃度高於正常範圍時，一般會產生下列何種調節反應？",15,115,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":27},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-059","Dextromethorphan 之臨床用途為：",59,106,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":44},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-017","關於「粒線體特性」的敘述，下列何者正確？",17,107,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":44},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-061","下列何種藥物可使鼻黏膜上小動脈收縮，作為鼻充血腫脹解除劑，用於治療鼻炎？",61,108,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":42,"year":63,"session":27},"nurse-110-1-basic-medicine-015","下列何者不是由腹膜（peritoneum）衍生形成的構造？",110,"2026-09-04",1788510761082]