[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-2-psychiatric-community-006":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-114-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-006","nurse-114-2-psychiatric-community-006",114,2,6,"有關思覺失調症病因學，下列敘述何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"思覺失調症的發生與家族病史無關","思覺失調症的發生與高度情緒表達的家庭互動無關","中樞神經傳導物質多巴胺（dopamine）活動量過高是病因之一","腦神經結構與功能呈現腦室縮小及大腦額葉代謝上升","C",null,[],"本題考點在於思覺失調症的病因學，特別是多巴胺假說。依多巴胺假說，中腦邊緣系統多巴胺活性過高與正性症狀（幻覺、妄想）相關，此為抗精神病藥物阻斷 D2 受體可改善症狀的理論基礎，故 C 正確為答案。A 錯，思覺失調症具明顯遺傳傾向，家族病史是重要危險因子；B 錯，高情緒表達（high EE，家庭過度批評、敵意、過度涉入）的家庭互動與復發率升高有關，並非無關；D 錯，腦部結構變化為「腦室擴大」與額葉代謝「下降（hypofrontality）」，選項方向恰好相反。掌握多巴胺過高＋腦室擴大＋額葉低代謝即可作答。","病因整合：生物（多巴胺過高、腦室擴大、額葉功能低下、遺傳）＋心理社會（高情緒表達家庭、壓力）＝壓力-素質模式（stress-diathesis）。多巴胺假說也解釋為何 L-dopa、安非他命會誘發精神病症狀。第二代抗精神病藥同時作用於多巴胺與血清素系統。",[24,27,30,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"思覺失調症",17,{"term":28,"count":29},"多巴胺假說",5,{"term":31,"count":32},"高情緒表達家庭",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"腦室擴大與額葉低代謝",[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-psychiatric-community-007","關於理情治療（rational emotive therapy）的論點，下列敘述何者正確？",7,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":32},"nurse-115-1-psychiatric-community-003","黃小姐，診斷為思覺失調症，擔心一星期後即將出院返家。下列何項護理措施最適切？",3,115,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-psychiatric-community-047","司馬先生為重度失能者，太太為主要照顧者，因女兒生產需到外縣市探視 1 週，太太煩惱先生的照顧問題。依據此家庭狀況，使用下列那一項長期照護服務資源最適當？",47,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":32},"nurse-107-1-psychiatric-community-035","護理師於精神復健病房擔任照護工作，其照顧慢性病患的原則，下列何者正確？",35,107,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-079","依照三段五級防治工作，高血壓個案至社區藥局接受免費用藥指導與處方箋領藥等服務，此項措施屬於那一層次？",79,108,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":32},"nurse-110-1-psychiatric-community-033","有關復元（recovery）的敘述，下列何者正確？",33,110,"2026-09-04",1788510760423]