[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-034":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-114-2-內外科護理學-034","nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-034",114,2,34,"急性呼吸窘迫症候群（ARDS）病人產生表面張力素的肺細胞受損，會導致病人出現下列何種問題？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"支氣管收縮","肺擴張不全","肺栓塞","肺纖維化","B",null,[],"本題考點在於急性呼吸窘迫症候群(ARDS)中表面張力素受損的病理後果。依肺泡生理,製造表面張力素(surfactant)的第二型肺泡細胞受損時,肺泡表面張力升高,肺泡易塌陷無法維持擴張,導致肺擴張不全(atelectasis),故選 B。A 支氣管收縮屬氣道平滑肌問題(如氣喘),非表面張力素缺乏所致。C 肺栓塞為肺血管被血栓阻塞,屬血流問題。D 肺纖維化是慢性膠原沉積,非表面張力素急性受損的直接後果,故排除。","表面張力素由第二型肺泡細胞分泌,依 Laplace 定律降低肺泡表面張力、防止呼氣末塌陷。ARDS 時肺泡-微血管膜受損、surfactant 減少,肺泡塌陷造成瀰漫性肺擴張不全與嚴重低血氧(頑固性、對氧氣治療反應差)。同機轉也解釋早產兒新生兒呼吸窘迫症候群(NRDS)——surfactant 不足致肺塌陷。",[24,27,28,30],{"term":25,"count":26},"急性呼吸窘迫症候群 ARDS",3,{"term":15,"count":26},{"term":29,"count":10},"表面張力素",{"term":31,"count":32},"Laplace 定律",1,[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-035","以脈搏血氧測量儀（pulse oximetry）所測得的數值，下列何者表示組織氧合（oxygenation）正常？",35,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":32},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-031","有關全身性紅斑性狼瘡（SLE）之臨床表徵，下列敘述何者錯誤？",31,115,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":32},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-025","有關心包膜填塞手術治療後之護理措施，下列何者最不需要？",25,106,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":32},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-063","有關腎盂腎炎之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",63,107,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-027","針對左心室射出率（EVEF）為 12%，有端坐呼吸且雙側下肢水腫厲害的心臟衰竭病人之護理，下列何者較不適當？",27,108,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-061","有關壓力性尿失禁的治療與照護，下列何者錯誤？",61,109,"2026-09-04",1788510759769]