[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-032":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-114-2-內外科護理學-032","nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-032",114,2,32,"有關高血鈉之敘述，下列何者正確？①血鈉的濃度＞130 mEq\u002FL ②導因之一為醛固酮過多症導致 ③尿比重上升 ④指導低鈉飲食如蘇打餅乾、白麵包",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②","①④","②③","③④","C",null,[],"本題考點在於高血鈉(hypernatremia)的定義與臨床特徵。依水分電解質原理,正確組合為②③,選 C。②正確,醛固酮過多症(如原發性醛固酮增多症)促使腎臟留鈉排鉀,是高血鈉的成因之一。③正確,高血鈉多伴隨水分相對不足或脫水,尿液濃縮使尿比重上升。①錯誤,高血鈉定義為血鈉濃度>145 mEq\u002FL,而非>130。④錯誤,蘇打餅乾與白麵包含鈉量高,不屬低鈉飲食,不應作為低鈉衛教範例。","血鈉正常值 135~145 mEq\u002FL,>145 為高血鈉,\u003C135 為低血鈉。醛固酮(aldosterone)作用於遠端腎小管「保鈉排鉀保水」,過多即高血鈉。高血鈉核心症狀源於細胞內脫水,尤以腦細胞皺縮致神經症狀(口渴、躁動、抽搐)。低鈉飲食應避開加工食品(蘇打餅、麵包、醃漬物),這些「隱形鈉」常被忽略。",[24,27,29,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"醛固酮",4,{"term":28,"count":26},"尿比重",{"term":30,"count":31},"高血鈉",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"血鈉正常值 145",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-033","有關預防吸入性肺炎病人之護理措施，下列何者最不適當？",33,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":31},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-029","吳太太因腫瘤接受化學治療，口腔出現疱疹性齒齦口腔炎（herpetic gingivostomatitis），下列敘述何者正確？",29,115,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":31},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-023","有關美尼爾氏症的處置，下列何者錯誤？",23,106,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":31},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-061","有關應力性尿失禁的處置方式，下列何者的治療效益有限？",61,107,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-025","有關冠狀動脈疾病治療藥物之敘述，下列何者正確？",25,108,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-059","下列何種疾病會出現奇異性呼吸（paradoxical respiration）？",59,109,"2026-09-04",1788510759751]