[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-014":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-114-2-內外科護理學-014","nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-014",114,2,14,"下列何者為白內障最主要的病變構造？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"角膜","水晶體","鞏膜","視神經","B",null,[],"本題考點在於白內障的病變部位。依眼球解剖與白內障定義,白內障是水晶體(lens)蛋白變性混濁、失去透明度,導致光線無法清晰聚焦於視網膜,故最主要病變構造為水晶體,選 B。A 角膜為屈光的最外層透明構造,其混濁屬角膜病變非白內障。C 鞏膜是眼球白色的保護外殼,不參與白內障。D 視神經負責傳導視覺訊號,其病變屬視神經或青光眼範疇,與水晶體混濁無關。","記憶:「白內障=水晶體變白」。水晶體由晶體蛋白(crystallin)構成,老化、紫外線、糖尿病使蛋白氧化聚集而混濁。治療以超音波乳化術摘除混濁水晶體並植入人工水晶體(IOL)。對比青光眼(視神經受壓)、老年黃斑部病變(視網膜)可清楚區辨各眼疾的解剖定位。",[24,27,30,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"白內障",8,{"term":28,"count":29},"水晶體混濁",5,{"term":31,"count":32},"晶體蛋白變性",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"眼球解剖",[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-015","病人左耳聽力正常，右耳有聽力障礙，以韋伯試驗（Weber test）發現右耳比較大聲，再以任內試驗（Rinne test）發現左耳空氣傳導＞骨傳導、右耳空氣傳導≦骨傳導，下列何者是病人右耳最可能的病變位置？ ①外耳 ②中耳 ③內耳 ④耳蝸神經",15,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":32},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-011","病人因左側股骨骨折而接受石膏制動之治療，下列敘述何者錯誤？",11,115,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":29,"year":48,"session":32},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-005","陳小姐診斷為腦下垂體腫瘤，進行經蝶骨腦下垂體切除術，術後出現尿崩症，下列敘述何者錯誤？",106,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":32},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-043","有關末期腎疾病（ESRD）病人之液體攝取量的估計原則，下列何者最適當？",43,107,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-007","有關腦瘤之敘述，下列何者正確？①腦膜瘤好發於男性 ②續發性腦瘤常見於肺癌或乳癌病人 ③突然的發作抽搐是腦瘤的明顯指標 ④星狀細胞瘤好發於女性",7,108,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-041","胃癌的發生可能與下列何種病毒或細菌感染有關？",41,109,"2026-09-04",1788510759587]