[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-008":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":61},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-114-2-內外科護理學-008","nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-008",114,2,8,"有關上腸胃道出血的照護，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"監測嘔吐物性質和大便的顏色","監測是否有肢端冰冷、指甲床蒼白等現象","出血停止後立刻停止血管加壓素的使用","評估腹部是否有腹脹僵硬情形","C",null,[],"本題考點在於上腸胃道出血的監測與止血用藥原則。本題為反向題,錯誤敘述為 C:血管加壓素(vasopressin)為收縮內臟血管的止血藥,出血停止後須逐漸減量停用,若立刻停止易造成血管反彈性擴張導致再出血,故 C 敘述錯誤為答案。A 正確,嘔吐物與大便顏色可判斷出血量與位置(如黑便代表上消化道出血)。B 正確,肢端冰冷、指甲床蒼白是低血容休克徵象需監測。D 正確,腹脹僵硬可能提示穿孔或腹膜炎。","藥理重點:vasopressin 收縮內臟小動脈降低門脈壓,常用於食道靜脈曲張出血,停藥必須 taper 以防反彈。臨床判讀:嘔血鮮紅=活動性出血,咖啡渣樣=血液經胃酸作用;黑便(melena)源於血紅素經腸道細菌分解成硫化鐵。休克代償順序:心搏過速→末梢血管收縮(肢冷蒼白)→血壓下降。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"上腸胃道出血",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"血管加壓素減量",{"term":30,"count":26},"低血容休克徵象",{"term":32,"count":26},"黑便",[34,38,43,47,52,56],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-009","有關食道靜脈曲張出血病人的護理指導，下列何者不適當？",9,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":26},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-005","病人跌倒造成腦部枕葉受損時出現的症狀，下列何者正確？",5,115,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-049","有關中心導管組合式照護之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",49,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":26},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-037","有關乳癌手術後復健運動之敘述，下列何者正確？",37,107,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":26,"year":55,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-001","有關病毒性腦膜炎的處置，下列何者正確？",108,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-035","王先生入院接受心導管檢查，此次檢查穿刺左側橈動脈，下列護理處置何者錯誤？",35,109,"2026-09-04",1788510759527]