[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-003":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-114-2-內外科護理學-003","nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-003",114,2,3,"下列何者不是肝硬化病人發生肝性腦病變的主要誘發因子？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"感染","便秘","腸胃道出血","高血鉀","D",null,[],"本題考點在於肝硬化病人肝性腦病變的誘發因子。依其機轉為血氨升高毒害中樞神經，凡增加氨產生或影響代謝者皆為誘因：感染（A）增加代謝負擔、便秘（B）延長腸道氨吸收、腸胃道出血（C）使血液蛋白在腸道分解產氨。本題為反向題，非誘發因子為 D「高血鉀」——實際上是「低血鉀」與代謝性鹼中毒才會促進氨進入腦部誘發腦病變，故 D 不是主要誘發因子，選 D。","肝性腦病變誘因記憶：感染、出血、便祕、低血鉀鹼中毒、高蛋白飲食、脫水、鎮靜劑。低鉀鹼中毒使 NH4⁺ 轉為易穿透血腦障壁的 NH3。治療用乳果糖（lactulose）酸化腸道並促排便，降低氨吸收。",[24,27,29,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"肝性腦病變",9,{"term":28,"count":10},"血氨",{"term":30,"count":31},"低血鉀鹼中毒",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"乳果糖",[35,39,43,48,53,58],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-004","有關癲癇藥物處置的敘述，下列何者正確？",4,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":9,"session":11},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-050","有關阻塞性黃疸的評估，下列敘述何者最適當？",50,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":10},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-044","有關低血糖的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",44,115,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":31},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-032","針對長期口服 Warfarin（Coumadin）病人，應定期監測下列何項檢驗值？",32,107,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":31},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-076","依據吳先生的症狀與徵象估計其失血量，下列何者正確？",76,108,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-030","曾先生心臟衰竭住院，住院時出現臉色蒼白、冒冷汗、陣發性夜間呼吸困難及咳出大量帶有血絲的泡沫痰。請問曾先生出現那一種合併症？",30,109,"2026-09-04",1788510759483]