[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-2-maternal-pediatric-047":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"產兒科護理學","maternal-pediatric",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-114-2-產兒科護理學-047","nurse-114-2-maternal-pediatric-047",114,2,47,"關於先天性食道閉鎖合併遠端氣管食道瘻管之新生兒術前護理措施，下列何者最適當？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"由鼻管餵食，以提供足夠熱量","禁止口咽抽吸分泌物，以防刺激嘔吐反射","頭部抬高 45～60 度，降低胃液逆流","避免吸奶嘴，以減少吸入空氣","C",null,[],"本題考點在於先天性食道閉鎖合併遠端氣管食道瘻管的術前護理原則，核心是防止分泌物與胃液逆流進入呼吸道造成吸入性肺炎。依此原則，將頭部抬高 45～60 度可利用重力降低胃酸經瘻管逆流入氣管的機會，故 C 最適當為答案。A 錯，食道為盲端且有瘻管，鼻胃管無法通過、經口餵食會積聚於盲囊並溢入氣管，術前應禁食；B 錯，恰應「持續或間歇口咽及盲囊抽吸」以清除唾液分泌物、避免積聚吸入，而非禁止抽吸；D 錯，禁食狀態下本就不予奶嘴餵食，且吸入空氣並非此症術前的主要風險，重點在防吸入分泌物與胃液。","病生理：最常見型別為近端食道盲端合併遠端食道與氣管相通（Type C），胃酸可經瘻管逆流入肺，故半坐臥抬高頭部是關鍵。臨床線索：新生兒口鼻大量泡沫、餵食即嗆咳發紺、鼻胃管置入受阻。術前 NPO、持續盲囊低壓抽吸、抬高床頭是三大保命措施。",[24,26,29,31],{"term":25,"count":10},"吸入性肺炎預防",{"term":27,"count":28},"先天性食道閉鎖",1,{"term":30,"count":28},"氣管食道瘻管",{"term":32,"count":28},"半坐臥抬高床頭",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-maternal-pediatric-048","黃小妹，6 個月，輪狀病毒（rotavirus）感染引起急性腸胃炎（acute gastroenteritis），體重由住院前 8 公斤減為現在 7.4 公斤。下列護理處置何者正確？",48,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":28},"nurse-115-1-maternal-pediatric-044","小均，13 歲，診斷為第一型糖尿病，有關胰島素注射的護理指導，下列敘述何者最適當？",44,115,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":28},"nurse-106-1-maternal-pediatric-038","有關更年期婦女變化之敘述，下列何者正確？",38,106,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":28},"nurse-107-1-maternal-pediatric-076","有關膀胱輸尿管逆流（Vesicoureteral Reflux, VUR），下列敘述何者錯誤？",76,107,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-maternal-pediatric-040","有關更年期婦女的脂質與脂蛋白改變，下列何者錯誤？",40,108,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":10},"nurse-109-2-maternal-pediatric-074","有關腸套疊（intussusception）的臨床表徵，下列敘述何者正確？",74,109,"2026-09-04",1788510760339]