[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-037":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-114-2-基礎醫學-037","nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-037",114,2,37,"下列利尿劑中，何者在頻繁及高劑量使用下易產生耳毒性（ototoxicity）副作用？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"Thiazide diuretics","Loop diuretics","Aldosterone antagonists","Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors","B",null,[],"本題考點在於利尿劑的耳毒性副作用。依利尿劑藥理,亨利氏環利尿劑(Loop diuretics,如 furosemide)在頻繁及高劑量、快速靜脈注射或合併其他耳毒性藥物時,會干擾內耳的離子運輸而造成耳毒性,故選 B。A Thiazide 主要副作用為低血鉀、高血糖與高尿酸,少見耳毒性;C 醛固酮拮抗劑(如 spironolactone)以高血鉀與抗雄性素作用為主;D 碳酸酐酶抑制劑主要造成代謝性酸中毒。故正解為 B。","機轉:Loop 利尿劑作用於亨利氏管上行枝 Na-K-2Cl 共同運輸體,而內耳血管紋也表現類似運輸體,故高濃度時損及聽力,多為可逆。降低風險做法為避免快速大量靜脈推注,並避免與胺基醣類抗生素併用。記憶:Loop=強效利尿+耳毒性。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"耳毒性",3,{"term":29,"count":11},"亨利氏環利尿劑",{"term":31,"count":11},"Na-K-2Cl 共同運輸體",{"term":33,"count":11},"furosemide",[35,39,45,50,55,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-038","下列糖尿病的治療藥物中，何者單獨使用時最可能造成低血糖（hypoglycemia）的風險？",38,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":44},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-034","緩解支氣管平滑肌痙攣（bronchospasm），使用下列何種藥物最佳？",34,115,1,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":44},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-028","若腎小管無法將氫離子有效排除時，在代償作用發生之前最可能發生下列何種現象？",28,106,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":44},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-066","下列對革蘭氏陽性細菌的描述，何者錯誤？",66,107,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-030","下列何者是維持亨利氏環下行支水分再吸收的因素？",30,108,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-064","口服四環素類（tetracyclines）治療感染時，最不適宜採用下列何種方式？",64,109,"2026-09-04",1788510758839]