[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-022":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-114-2-基礎醫學-022","nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-022",114,2,22,"下列何種機制與鬱血性心衰竭（congestive heart failure）患者的肺水腫最為相關？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"肺毛細血管靜水壓增加","肺毛細血管血漿膠體滲透壓降低","肺毛細血管通透性增加","肺臟淋巴管阻塞","A",null,[],"本題考點在於肺水腫的 Starling 力學機轉。依微血管液體交換的 Starling 定律,鬱血性心衰竭時左心無法有效射出血液,血液鬱積於肺循環,使肺毛細血管靜水壓上升,液體被推入肺間質與肺泡形成水腫,故選 A。B 血漿膠體滲透壓降低是低白蛋白血症(如腎病症候群)造成水腫的機轉,非心衰竭主因;C 通透性增加見於急性肺損傷\u002FARDS 的發炎性水腫;D 淋巴管阻塞造成的是淋巴性水腫,皆非心因性肺水腫的核心機制。故正解為 A。","機轉整理:Starling 四力—微血管靜水壓、間質靜水壓、血漿膠體滲透壓、間質膠體滲透壓。心因性肺水腫的關鍵是「後向衰竭」使肺微血管楔壓(PCWP)升高。臨床可用 PCWP 與 B 型利鈉肽(BNP)區分心因性與非心因性肺水腫。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"鬱血性心衰竭",{"term":28,"count":29},"Starling 定律",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"肺毛細血管靜水壓",{"term":33,"count":29},"肺微血管楔壓",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-023","下列何種自體抗體（autoantibody）與全身性紅斑性狼瘡（systemic lupus erythematosus）最相關？",23,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-019","下列何者不具有味蕾？",19,115,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":29},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-013","庫佛氏細胞（Kupffer's cell）位於肝小葉的何處？",13,106,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":29},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-051","Diazepam 與 GABA 受體結合後，會增加何種離子的傳導，使細胞膜穩定，而作為抗焦慮藥（anxiolytic drug）？",51,107,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-015","松果腺（pineal gland）位於何處？",15,108,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-049","下列何者為大麻之主要成分THC在腦部主要的結合受體？",49,109,"2026-09-04",1788510758699]