[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-018":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-114-2-基礎醫學-018","nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-018",114,2,18,"下列那一段腎小管（renal tubule）對水的通透度最低？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"近曲小管","亨利氏管上行枝","亨利氏管下行枝","集尿管","B",null,[],"本題考點在於腎小管各段對水的通透性差異。依尿液濃縮機轉,亨利氏管上行枝(粗段)細胞膜缺乏水通道(aquaporin),對水幾乎不通透,只主動再吸收鈉、鉀、氯,故為通透度最低者,選 B。A 近曲小管大量等張再吸收水分,通透性高;C 亨利氏管下行枝富含 aquaporin,對水高度通透而對溶質不通透,是逆流倍增得以運作的關鍵;D 集尿管在抗利尿激素(ADH)作用下插入水通道,可調節水再吸收,通透性隨 ADH 而變。故正解為 B。","記憶法:上行枝是「稀釋段」—只搬鹽不搬水,使管內液變低張、髓質間質變高張,建立逆流倍增所需的滲透梯度。Furosemide 即作用於此段的 Na-K-2Cl 共同運輸體,破壞濃縮梯度而利尿。",[25,28,29,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"尿液濃縮",3,{"term":16,"count":11},{"term":30,"count":31},"逆流倍增機轉",1,{"term":33,"count":31},"aquaporin 水通道",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-019","失語症（aphasia）與下列那個腦區受損最為相關？",19,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":31},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-015","下列何者是供應下肢養分的最主要血管？",15,115,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":31},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-009","下列何者位於環狀軟骨上方，能調節聲帶之緊張度？",9,106,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":31},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-047","下列甲狀腺病變中，何者的細胞核呈現出毛玻璃樣（ground-glass）的變化，且有明顯的核溝（nuclear groove）？",47,107,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-011","男性生殖系統構造中，何者具有肉膜肌（dartos muscle）？",11,108,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-045","關於自體免疫性胃炎（autoimmune gastritis）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",45,109,"2026-09-04",1788510758662]