[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-015":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-114-2-基礎醫學-015","nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-015",114,2,15,"下列那個腦區是主要調控褪黑素（melatonin）的分泌？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"視上核（supraoptic nucleus）","旁室核（paraventricular nucleus）","視叉上核（suprachiasmatic nucleus）","外側膝狀核（lateral geniculate nucleus）","C",null,[],"本題考點在於生理時鐘與褪黑素分泌的中樞調控。依神經內分泌學，下視丘的視叉上核（suprachiasmatic nucleus, SCN）是人體晝夜節律的主時鐘，接收視網膜光線訊息後，經交感路徑調控松果體褪黑素（melatonin）的分泌，光亮抑制、黑暗促進，故選C。A 視上核與B 旁室核主要合成分泌抗利尿激素與催產素；D 外側膝狀核為視覺傳導的中繼核，皆非褪黑素節律調控中樞。故答案為C。","光線→視網膜→視網膜下視丘徑→SCN→上頸神經節→松果體→褪黑素。SCN是晝夜節律主起搏器，黑暗時解除抑制、褪黑素上升助眠，光照則抑制其分泌，故夜間強光、藍光會壓低褪黑素、干擾睡眠，是臨床作息衛教依據。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"松果體",4,{"term":29,"count":11},"晝夜節律",{"term":31,"count":11},"褪黑素",{"term":33,"count":34},"視叉上核SCN",1,[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-016","下列何者可將睪固酮轉換為動情二醇（17β-estradiol）？",16,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":34},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-012","下列何者不具上皮組織？",12,115,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":34},"nurse-106-1-basic-medicine-006","行走於前臂的內側，並與上臂深層的靜脈會合成腋靜脈的是那一條血管？",6,106,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":34},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-044","下列何者是引起肝門脈高壓（portal hypertension）最主要的肝內原因（intrahepatic cause）？",44,107,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":11},"nurse-108-2-basic-medicine-008","下列何者分泌不足可能導致呆小症（cretinism）？",8,108,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":11},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-042","下列有關空氣污染中，懸浮微粒（particulate matter；PM）的敘述，何者錯誤？",42,109,"2026-09-04",1788510758649]