[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-1-psychiatric-community-008":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-114-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-008","nurse-114-1-psychiatric-community-008",114,1,8,"有關代幣制度的敘述，下列何項不適宜？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"是行為治療中的一項技術","最適合在病人精神症狀混亂時使用","以具有交換價值的象徵物代替金錢","屬於操作制約作用的學習原理","B",null,[],"本題考點在於代幣制度（token economy）的原理與適用時機。依操作制約學習理論，代幣制度以具交換價值的象徵物（代幣）替代金錢，於個案表現目標行為時給予增強，藉此塑造與維持適當行為，屬行為治療技術。本題為反向題，錯誤敘述為 B「最適合在病人精神症狀混亂時使用」——代幣制度要求個案能理解代幣與行為的連結、具備一定認知與現實感，當精神症狀急性混亂時個案無法建立此連結，故此時並不適用，選 B。A 正確，代幣制度確為行為治療技術。C 正確描述代幣的象徵交換本質。D 正確，其學理基礎即操作制約。故正解為 B。","代幣制度屬 Skinner 操作制約中的正增強應用，代幣為次級增強物，需可兌換初級增強物（如點心、活動）才有效。臨床多用於慢性精神病人復健期、智能障礙或兒童行為塑造；急性精神症狀期應先穩定症狀，非此技術適應時機。",[24,27,30,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"行為治療",14,{"term":28,"count":29},"操作制約",5,{"term":31,"count":32},"代幣制度",4,{"term":34,"count":10},"次級增強物",[36,40,44,49,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-114-1-psychiatric-community-009","胡先生，診斷為思覺失調症，因不停將家中東西丟到大街上，哥哥予以制止，胡先生即要攻擊哥哥。剛入住急性病房治療，下列何者為最優先的護理處置？",9,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":29,"year":9,"session":43},"nurse-114-3-psychiatric-community-005","有關特定場所畏懼症，下列敘述何者最不適當？",3,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-psychiatric-community-049","有關糖尿病的足部護理，衛生護理師應建議個案避免下列那些習慣？①穿拖鞋外出   ②每日用溫水泡腳10分鐘   ③睡覺時用電毯或熱水袋保暖足部   ④使用中性肥皂清洗足部",49,115,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":54},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-067","有關群體（aggregates）的說明，下列何者錯誤？",67,106,2,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":54},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-031","厭食症與暴食症個案常有認知扭曲，下列敘述何者不是認知扭曲？",31,108,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":54},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-065","關於口服避孕藥的敘述，下列何者正確？",65,109,"2026-09-04",1788510758141]