[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-1-psychiatric-community-001":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":10,"stem":11,"options":12,"answer":17,"answerNote":18,"images":19,"explanation":20,"explanationDeep":21,"topics":22,"freq":25},"nurse-114-1-精神科與社區衛生護理學-001","nurse-114-1-psychiatric-community-001",114,1,"林小姐常責怪自己，認為凡事過錯都是自己造成的。下列何項心理防衛機轉最適合說明林小姐的行為？",{"A":13,"B":14,"C":15,"D":16},"合理化（rationalization）","潛抑（repression）","內射（introjection）","退化（regression）","C",null,[],"本題考點在於心理防衛機轉中「內射（introjection）」的辨識。內射是把外界（尤其權威或失落客體）的價值、態度或責備「吞併」為自我的一部分；林小姐把凡事過錯都攬到自己身上、責怪自己，正是將外在指責內化為自我攻擊，故選 C。A 合理化是為難以接受的行為找看似合理的藉口，與自責不同。B 潛抑是把痛苦記憶或衝動壓入潛意識，非攬責。D 退化是遇壓力退回較早期不成熟行為（如尿床、依賴），與本題自我歸咎的表現不符。","內射（introjection）常見於憂鬱：個體將對失落客體的憤怒轉向內化的客體，表現為自責、罪惡感，屬憂鬱動力學核心。對比投射（projection）＝把自身不被接受的衝動歸咎他人，方向恰相反。合理化找藉口、潛抑壓抑記憶、退化行為倒退。辨識關鍵字：內射＝把外界的批評「吞進來」變成罵自己。",[23,26,29,31],{"term":24,"count":25},"心理防衛機轉",9,{"term":27,"count":28},"內射",3,{"term":30,"count":10},"憂鬱動力學",{"term":32,"count":10},"自我歸咎",[34,38,42,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-114-1-psychiatric-community-002","精神醫學史上，主張不以鐵鍊限制病人行動，奠定人道主義精神照護的代表性人物，下列何者正確？",2,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":37},"nurse-114-2-psychiatric-community-048","下列何者不屬於老人衰弱評估量表（Fried Frail Index）的內容？",48,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-psychiatric-community-042","護理師家訪就讀國小二年級被判定體重肥胖的大明，發現全家皆有體位異常問題，目前大明母親懷孕8個月，護理師與大明及其父母一起討論如何協助家庭成員維持正常體位。下列敘述何者最不適當？",42,115,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":37},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-060","有關慢性病的特性，下列何者錯誤？",60,106,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":37},"nurse-108-2-psychiatric-community-024","呂小姐，42 歲，入院 4 週，預計下週出院，今天與護理師會談時提到自己的幻聽已改善很多，雖然仍會聽到一些聲音，不過內容已沒以前清楚，下列護理措施何者最適切？",24,108,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":37},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-058","有關醫療廢棄物的處理，下列敘述何者正確？",58,109,"2026-09-04",1788510758089]