[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-042":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-114-1-內外科護理學-042","nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-042",114,1,42,"有關糖尿病酮酸中毒（DKA）之處置，下列何者正確？①建立靜脈輸液，由低劑量胰島素開始給與 ②最初2小時，給與0.45％生理食鹽水維持電解質平衡         ③等尿液排出量恢復正常，應補充鉀離子 ④血液pH值>7.1時，則與以重碳酸鈉（NaHCO 3）",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②","①③","②④","③④","B",null,[],"本題考點在於糖尿病酮酸中毒的緊急處置原則。依DKA的治療流程：①先建立靜脈輸液並以低劑量胰島素持續滴注以緩降血糖，避免血糖與滲透壓驟降；③胰島素治療會使鉀離子移入細胞，故待尿量恢復（腎功能確認）後應補充鉀離子以防低血鉀，①③正確故選B。②初期補液應先用0.9%生理食鹽水快速矯正脫水，非一開始就用0.45%；④重碳酸鈉僅在嚴重酸中毒（pH小於約7.0）時才考慮，pH大於7.1不需給予，故②④錯誤而排除。","DKA處置三主軸為補液、胰島素與電解質矯正。胰島素不僅降血糖更抑制脂肪分解以中止酮體生成；補鉀時機是關鍵陷阱：初始血鉀可能偏高但總體鉀是缺乏的，胰島素與補液會使血鉀驟降，故確認有尿後即須及早補鉀。血糖降至約250至300毫克時應加葡萄糖液以續打胰島素清酮。記憶點：DKA先水、後胰島素、再顧鉀，酸不輕易給鹼。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"糖尿病酮酸中毒",8,{"term":28,"count":10},"低劑量胰島素滴注",{"term":30,"count":10},"鉀離子補充時機",{"term":32,"count":10},"重碳酸鈉使用時機",[34,38,43,49,54,59],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-043","有關服用治療甲狀腺機能亢進之放射性碘（ 131I）的敘述，下列何者正確？",43,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":9,"session":42},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-039","有關急性腎盂腎炎之照護，下列敘述何者最適當？①紅血球沉降速率（ESR）數值會升高 ②症狀為無尿及貧血 ③鼓勵病人多攝取酸灰性食物如乾梅或蔓越莓 ④鼓勵病人每 4 小時排尿一次",39,3,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":48},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-033","黃先生因肺癌接受右全肺切除術（pneumonectomy），下列術後護理措施，何者最適當？①需確認術後胸腔水下引流系統是完整且功能正常 ②協助執行右側肩膀及手臂運動，以防關節黏滯導致冰凍肩 ③告知術後 3～6 個月，右側胸部傷口處肌肉較無力是正常的 ④教導術後盡量採左側躺，以利於剩餘肺臟的擴張",33,115,2,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-021","有關視網膜剝離時立即處理之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",21,107,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-065","有關急性腎絲球腎炎（AGN）急性期之護理指導，下列何者正確？①多下床活動以避免下肢水腫 ②採高碳水化合物、低蛋白飲食 ③預防感染措施 ④鼓勵多喝水",65,108,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":48},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-019","下列何者為退化性關節炎的高危險群？①BMI 35 kg\u002Fm 2 ②長期服用腎上腺皮質類固醇 ③重複性右膝受傷史 ④停經後婦女",19,109,"2026-09-04",1788510757565]