[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-033":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-114-1-內外科護理學-033","nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-033",114,1,33,"有關急性呼吸窘迫症候群（ARDS）之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"因為外分泌腺分泌異常，而導致黏液聚集在肺泡中","因為肺部疾病，而引起右心肥大與肥厚","因為肋膜腔內積聚空氣，而導致肺部塌陷","因為肺泡微血管膜的通透性受損，而產生肺水腫","D",null,[],"本題考點在於急性呼吸窘迫症候群的病生理機轉。依ARDS定義，其核心為肺泡微血管膜通透性受損，使富含蛋白質的液體滲入肺泡與間質造成非心因性肺水腫，肺順應性下降並引發頑固性低血氧，故D正確為答案。A外分泌腺分泌異常致黏液積聚是囊性纖維化的機轉；B肺部疾病引起右心肥厚是肺源性心臟病；C肋膜腔積氣致肺塌陷是氣胸，三者機轉皆與ARDS的微血管膜通透性損傷無關，故A、B、C皆錯誤。","ARDS常繼發於敗血症、吸入性損傷或休克，發炎級聯造成肺泡上皮與微血管內皮屏障破壞、表面張力素流失與肺泡塌陷，形成瀰漫性肺泡損傷。臨床特徵為急性發作、雙側浸潤、且非源於心衰竭的低血氧，治療採肺保護性通氣策略（低潮氣容積、適當呼氣末陽壓）。記憶點：ARDS是「漏水的肺」，漏在微血管膜。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"非心因性肺水腫",6,{"term":28,"count":29},"急性呼吸窘迫症候群",4,{"term":31,"count":10},"肺泡微血管膜通透性",{"term":33,"count":10},"瀰漫性肺泡損傷",[35,39,44,50,55,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-034","下列何者不屬於動脈血液氣體分析（arterial blood gas analysis）可以直接偵測之項目？",34,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":9,"session":43},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-030","有關感染後天免疫缺乏症候群（AIDS）之危險因子，下列敘述何者最不適當？",30,3,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":49},"nurse-115-2-medical-surgical-024","一位癌症病人檢查及評估結果如下：血壓 105\u002F65 mmHg，呼吸 20 次／分，心電圖顯示正常竇性心律，鉀離子 4.1 mmol\u002FL，尿酸 5.5 mg\u002FdL，血鈣 9.2 mg\u002FdL，蹠反射強直，無水腫症狀。病人最可能罹患下列何種腫瘤急症？",24,115,2,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":10},"nurse-107-1-medical-surgical-012","有關促使食道下括約肌壓力降低之物質，下列何者錯誤？",12,107,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-056","有關呼吸性酸中毒之敘述，下列何者正確？",56,108,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":49},"nurse-109-2-medical-surgical-010","有關引起水瀉與血樣黏液糞便等特徵的腸道感染原，下列何者錯誤？",10,109,"2026-09-04",1788510757471]