[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-003":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-114-1-內外科護理學-003","nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-003",114,1,3,"有關頭部外傷相關合併症的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"封閉性比開放性頭部外傷更易產生癲癇後遺症","創傷後症候群症狀可持續數個月到數年","腦脊髓液瘻管是因腦脊髓液循環路徑阻塞或吸收有問題","當頭部外傷損及視丘時，會引起抗利尿激素（ADH）分泌失調","B",null,[],"本題考點在於頭部外傷合併症的正確敘述。創傷後症候群（post-traumatic syndrome，含頭痛、頭暈、注意力與情緒障礙等）症狀可持續數個月至數年，故 B 正確。（A）錯：開放性頭部外傷因腦組織直接受損與感染風險，較封閉性更易產生創傷後癲癇，敘述方向相反。（C）錯：腦脊髓液瘻管（CSF leak）是硬腦膜與顱骨破損使腦脊髓液外漏（如鼻漏、耳漏），並非循環路徑阻塞或吸收障礙——後者是水腦症的機轉。（D）錯：損及下視丘（hypothalamus）而非視丘（thalamus）才會影響 ADH 分泌造成尿崩或 SIADH，構造指認錯誤。","頭部外傷併發症要點：創傷後癲癇（開放性、腦皮質損傷風險高）、CSF 瘻管（硬腦膜破損致鼻漏\u002F耳漏，可用試紙測糖或 halo sign 判別，感染風險高）、水腦（CSF 循環或吸收障礙）、下視丘-腦垂體軸受損致 ADH 失調（尿崩症或 SIADH）。命題常混淆 thalamus（視丘，感覺中繼）與 hypothalamus（下視丘，內分泌與體溫調控），ADH 相關必為下視丘。",[24,26,28,30,32],{"term":25,"count":10},"頭部外傷合併症",{"term":27,"count":10},"創傷後症候群",{"term":29,"count":10},"腦脊髓液瘻管",{"term":31,"count":10},"下視丘與ADH",{"term":33,"count":10},"創傷後癲癇",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-004","有關癲癇（epilepsy）發作處置，下列敘述何者錯誤？",4,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":9,"session":43},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-050","有關困難梭狀桿菌相關腹瀉（Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea）之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",50,2,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":10},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-044","有關腦下垂體前葉功能低下之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",44,115,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":43},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-062","正常成年人，若膀胱容積壓力正常，最大尿流速低於下列何者即顯示尿道出口有阻塞現象？",62,106,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-108-1-medical-surgical-026","有關心臟衰竭臨床處置之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",26,108,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":10},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-060","血液透析病人之液體攝取量的估計原則，下列何者最適當？",60,109,"2026-09-04",1788510757209]