[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":61},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-024":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":31,"lastmod":60},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-114-1-基礎醫學-024","nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-024",114,1,24,"下列何者並非鉛中毒的常見表現？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"肝硬化","兒童智力發展障礙","周邊神經病變","貧血","A",null,[],"本題考點在於鉛中毒的常見臨床表現，為反向題，須找出「並非」常見表現者。鉛中毒主要侵犯神經、血液與腎臟系統，肝硬化並非其典型表現，故 A 為本題答案。B 兒童對鉛特別敏感，慢性暴露會造成智力發展障礙與認知行為問題，是重要的公共衛生議題；C 鉛毒害周邊運動神經可致周邊神經病變（如垂腕）；D 鉛干擾血基質（heme）合成並縮短紅血球壽命，造成貧血（常伴嗜鹼性斑點紅血球），故三者皆為鉛中毒常見表現。","鉛中毒的核心機轉是抑制血基質合成路徑上的酵素（ALA 脫水酶與亞鐵螯合酶），導致貧血並使紅血球出現嗜鹼性斑點。神經毒性在兒童以腦病變與智能損害為主，成人以周邊神經病變（伸肌無力、垂腕）為主；腎臟則可致近曲小管損傷。牙齦鉛線、腹絞痛也是線索。肝硬化通常與酒精、病毒性肝炎相關，並非鉛中毒表現，是本題辨識重點。",[25,27,29,30],{"term":26,"count":11},"鉛中毒",{"term":28,"count":11},"血基質合成抑制",{"term":17,"count":11},{"term":16,"count":11},[32,36,41,47,51,56],{"webId":33,"stem":34,"number":35,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-025","下列何種血管炎會造成主動脈（aorta）及其主要分支的發炎狹窄，可能導致上肢摸不到脈搏，因而又稱為無脈症（pulseless disease）？",25,{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":40},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-021","有關發炎反應的媒介物（mediators of inflammation），下列何者不是花生四烯酸（arachidonic acid）的代謝物？",21,3,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":46},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-015","當血糖濃度高於正常範圍時，一般會產生下列何種調節反應？",15,115,2,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":40,"year":50,"session":11},"nurse-107-1-basic-medicine-003","下列何者不附著於肩胛骨上？",107,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-047","葡萄狀肉瘤（Sarcoma botryoides）為一種少見的原發陰道癌，病理是由下列那一種腫瘤構成？",47,108,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":11,"year":59,"session":46},"nurse-109-2-basic-medicine-001","左季肋區器官因肋骨刺入而大出血，下列何者最可能受損？",109,"2026-09-04",1788510756422]