[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-021":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-114-1-基礎醫學-021","nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-021",114,1,21,"有關急性發炎反應（acute inflammation）的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"參與的白血球主要是嗜酸性白血球（eosinophils）","組織間隙常因血管通透性增加所以有漏出液（transudate）的蓄積","受損組織細胞分泌的緩激肽（bradykinin）與痛覺產生有關","介白素-1（interleukin-1）是造成血管舒張主要的媒介物","C",null,[],"本題考點在於急性發炎反應的細胞、滲出物與化學媒介物特徵。受損組織與血漿系統活化產生的緩激肽（bradykinin）會刺激感覺神經末梢，與發炎時的疼痛產生密切相關，故 C 正確為本題答案。A 錯誤，急性發炎主要浸潤的白血球是嗜中性白血球，嗜酸性白血球多見於過敏與寄生蟲感染；B 錯誤，急性發炎因血管通透性增加而蓄積的是富含蛋白質的滲出液（exudate），非低蛋白的漏出液（transudate）；D 錯誤，造成血管舒張的主要媒介是組織胺與前列腺素，介白素-1 主要引發全身性反應如發燒，故均不正確。","急性發炎五大徵象（紅腫熱痛與功能喪失）各有媒介：血管舒張（紅、熱）靠組織胺、前列腺素、一氧化氮；通透性增加致水腫（腫）靠組織胺、緩激肽、白三烯；疼痛（痛）靠緩激肽與前列腺素；發燒與全身反應靠 IL-1、IL-6、TNF。滲出液（高蛋白、比重高、可含膿）與漏出液（低蛋白，如心衰竭）之分是臨床鑑別重點。嗜中性白血球是急性發炎的先鋒細胞。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"急性發炎",3,{"term":29,"count":30},"嗜中性白血球",2,{"term":32,"count":11},"緩激肽",{"term":34,"count":11},"滲出液",[36,40,44,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-022","下列何者與血液的高凝血狀態易形成血栓的關聯性最小？",22,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-018","當腎臟分泌的氫離子與磷酸氫根結合後排出體外，血漿的淨反應為何？",18,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":30},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-012","肌肉收縮的滑動絲（sliding filament）模型描述的是那兩種蛋白間的交互作用？",12,115,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":30},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-080","下列有關犬蛔蟲（Toxocara canis）之敘述，何者正確？",80,106,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-044","好發於大腦底部威利氏環（circle of Willis）或分枝處的動脈瘤是那一種形態？",44,108,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-078","微生物學家科霍（Robert Koch）提出特定疾病病原的判斷原則，稱之為科霍假說（Koch’s postulate）。基於現代科技的進展，在應用的過程，科霍假說不適用於下列那一種疾病？",78,109,"2026-09-04",1788510756398]