[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-020":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-114-1-基礎醫學-020","nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-020",114,1,20,"下列何者源自骨髓細胞，而後遷移至中樞神經系統內成熟？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"星狀細胞（astrocytes）","寡樹突膠細胞（oligodendrocytes）","微膠細胞（microglia）","室管膜細胞（ependymal cells）","C",null,[],"本題考點在於中樞神經系統各類神經膠細胞的胚胎來源。微膠細胞（microglia）源自骨髓的單核吞噬細胞系（中胚層），在胚胎發育時遷移進入中樞神經系統並於其中成熟，擔任中樞內的吞噬與免疫防禦角色，故選 C。A 星狀細胞、B 寡樹突膠細胞、D 室管膜細胞皆源自神經外胚層（神經管的神經上皮），與神經元同源，並非來自骨髓，故均不符合「源自骨髓、遷移至中樞成熟」的敘述。","神經膠細胞來源二分法：微膠細胞唯一來自中胚層（骨髓單核系），是中樞的常駐巨噬細胞，發炎或損傷時活化行吞噬；其餘（星狀細胞供支持與血腦屏障、寡樹突膠細胞造中樞髓鞘、室管膜細胞襯腦室製腦脊髓液）皆源自外胚層神經上皮。周邊神經系統的許旺細胞與衛星細胞則來自神經嵴。記憶點：只有「微膠＝免疫＝骨髓來」是異類。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"神經膠細胞",3,{"term":29,"count":11},"微膠細胞",{"term":31,"count":11},"骨髓單核系",{"term":33,"count":11},"中胚層來源",[35,39,43,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-021","有關急性發炎反應（acute inflammation）的敘述，下列何者正確？",21,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":27},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-017","關於治療慢性高血壓藥物血管張力素轉換酶（angiotensin-converting enzyme）抑制劑的作用機制，下列敘述何者正確？",17,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":47,"session":48},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-011","泛素（ubiquitin）最主要的功能為何？",11,115,2,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":48},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-079","有關抗病毒藥物的敘述，何者正確？",79,106,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-043","一個 2 歲的孩童，體重只有正常小孩的 60%，出現全身性水腫、腹水、皮膚顯現不規則的色素沈著區及髮色改變，此孩童最有可能發生下列何種疾病？",43,108,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-077","在後口腔內的黏膜上出現柯氏斑點（Koplik spots），是何種病毒感染的前驅症狀？",77,109,"2026-09-04",1788510756377]