[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-013":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-114-1-基礎醫學-013","nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-013",114,1,13,"下列有關成人腰椎（lumbar vertebrae）的敘述，何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"典型腰椎棘突（spinous process）細長，朝下延伸","典型腰椎橫突（transverse process）具孔洞，供神經穿行","腰椎曲（lumbar curvature）是往前拱起的彎曲","腰椎穿刺（lumbar puncture）一般是在第一、二腰椎之間進行","C",null,[],"本題考點在於成人腰椎的形態特徵與相關臨床操作。腰椎曲（lumbar curvature）屬於次級彎曲，向前凸出（前凸，lordosis），故 C 敘述正確為本題答案。A 錯誤，腰椎棘突短而寬厚、呈水平後伸，並非細長朝下（胸椎棘突才細長下斜）；B 錯誤，具孔洞供構造穿行的是頸椎的橫突孔（供椎動脈），腰椎橫突無此孔；D 錯誤，腰椎穿刺為避開脊髓末端（成人約止於 L1-L2），一般選在 L3-L4 或 L4-L5 間隙進行，而非第一、二腰椎之間。","脊柱四彎曲：頸曲與腰曲為前凸（次級彎曲，出生後隨抬頭、站立形成），胸曲與薦曲為後凸（初級彎曲）。腰椎特徵是椎體最大、棘突短寬水平，利於承重。腰椎穿刺安全區的邏輯：成人脊髓終於 L1-L2 的脊髓圓錐，故穿刺取 L3-L4 以下可避免傷及脊髓，定位常以兩側髂嵴連線（約對 L4）為標記。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"脊髓圓錐",2,{"term":29,"count":11},"腰椎",{"term":31,"count":11},"脊柱前凸",{"term":33,"count":11},"腰椎穿刺",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-114-1-basic-medicine-014","下列何者屬於彈性動脈？",14,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":10,"session":43},"nurse-114-3-basic-medicine-010","下列何者攜帶的副交感神經支配淚腺與下頷下腺？",10,3,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":48,"session":27},"nurse-115-2-basic-medicine-004","血漿（plasma）中下列何種蛋白質的含量降低時，會造成組織水腫（edema）？",4,115,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":27},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-072","對於「D 型肝炎」的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",72,106,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":11},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-036","肛門痔瘡（Hemorrhoid）的病理機轉與下列那個情況不同？",36,108,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":11},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-070","下列細胞何者通常不具抗原呈現細胞（Antigen-presenting cell）之功能？",70,109,"2026-09-04",1788510756312]