[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-3-psychiatric-community-009":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-113-3-精神科與社區衛生護理學-009","nurse-113-3-psychiatric-community-009",113,3,9,"有關思覺失調症（schizophrenia）的敘述，下列何者最適切？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"思考、知覺及行為障礙的疾病","常有記憶力減退，無法照顧自己","很少會有幻覺干擾","在疾病前趨期以正性精神症狀為主","A",null,[],"本題考點在於思覺失調症（schizophrenia）的核心特徵。最適切為 A：思覺失調症是一種以思考、知覺與行為障礙為特徵的精神疾病，正確。B 錯誤，記憶力減退與無法自我照顧非其核心診斷特徵，記憶多相對保留；C 錯誤，思覺失調症常出現明顯的幻覺（尤以幻聽最常見），並非很少；D 錯誤，疾病前趨期多以負性症狀（如退縮、動機減退、情感平淡）為主，正性症狀（幻覺、妄想）多在急性期明顯。判斷關鍵在於掌握其思考、知覺、行為多面向障礙的本質。","思覺失調症症狀分為正性（幻覺、妄想、混亂言語與行為）與負性（情感平淡、動機減退、社交退縮、言語貧乏）。病程常見前趨期以負性症狀與功能退化起始，急性期正性症狀突顯。與失智症不同，其認知障礙非以記憶喪失為主軸。可連結多巴胺假說與抗精神病藥物對正性症狀的作用。",[24,27,29,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"思覺失調症",17,{"term":28,"count":10},"幻覺",{"term":30,"count":31},"正性與負性症狀",2,{"term":33,"count":34},"前趨期",1,[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-113-3-psychiatric-community-010","陳小華，20 歲診斷為思覺失調症，在高中二年級即出現幻聽，常覺得別人在議論他，大家都知道他在想什麼，拒絕與人接觸，不願意上學，自我照顧變差。下列何者屬於正性精神症狀？",10,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":31},"nurse-114-2-psychiatric-community-006","有關思覺失調症病因學，下列敘述何者正確？",6,114,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":10},"nurse-114-3-psychiatric-community-050","下列那一種慢性病個案最需持續管理？",50,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":31},"nurse-106-2-psychiatric-community-018","譫妄病人最常出現的幻覺為下列何者？",18,106,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":31},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-062","王先生說：「我知道我可以做到每天健走 30 分鐘，而且一週後將可達到減輕 0.5 公斤的目標」，根據 Pender 健康促進模式，以上敘述是屬於何種要素？",62,107,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":31},"nurse-109-2-psychiatric-community-016","下列何項症狀屬於布洛伊勒所提 4A 的自閉症狀？",16,109,"2026-09-04",1788510753492]