[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-023":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":65},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-113-3-內外科護理學-023","nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-023",113,3,23,"有關體液容積過量之檢驗結果，下列敘述何者正確？①血比容下降 ②血尿素氮下降 ③血漿滲透壓上升 ④血鈉上升",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②","①③","②④","③④","A",null,[],"本題考點在於體液容積過量(fluid volume excess)的檢驗變化,要求選出正確組合。體液過量時血液被稀釋,①血比容(Hct)下降、②血尿素氮(BUN)下降皆為稀釋效應的正確表現,故①②組合為 A。③錯在體液過量使血漿被稀釋,血漿滲透壓應「下降」而非上升;④錯在稀釋亦使血鈉「下降(稀釋性低血鈉)」而非上升。三、四項方向與「稀釋」原理相反。本題屬體液電解質平衡判讀題。","體液過量=水分相對過多→血液被稀釋,故 Hct↓、BUN↓、血漿滲透壓↓、血鈉↓(稀釋性低鈉),同時體重增加、頸靜脈怒張、水腫、肺水腫。反之體液不足(脫水)則濃縮:Hct↑、BUN↑、滲透壓↑、血鈉↑。判讀口訣:過量看「稀釋」通通往下,不足看「濃縮」通通往上。護理重點:記錄輸出入量、每日體重、限鈉限水、監測呼吸與水腫。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"稀釋性低血鈉",8,{"term":28,"count":29},"體液容積過量",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"血液稀釋效應",{"term":33,"count":29},"血比容下降",[35,39,45,50,55,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-024","林小姐，45 歲，近三個月反覆發燒入院，診斷急性骨髓性白血病（AML），為了判定化學治療或骨髓移植的治療效果，進行骨髓抽吸術，下列敘述何者正確？①術中不用麻醉 ②骨髓抽吸僅檢查白血球的數目、大小 ③可於後腸骨嵴處抽取 ④術後需使用砂袋加壓",24,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":44},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-020","下列何者不是心衰竭時心臟代償徵象？",20,114,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":29},"nurse-115-1-medical-surgical-014","下列何種病毒與罹患鼻咽癌有關？",14,115,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":44},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-032","下列何種檢查沒有輻射危害？",32,106,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":44},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-076","下列何種荷爾蒙分泌過多會導致肢端肥大症？",76,107,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":29},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-030","有關二尖瓣閉鎖不全或逆流所產生之心雜音，在心動周期出現的時間，下列何者正確？",30,109,"2026-09-04",1788510752658]