[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-043":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-113-3-基礎醫學-043","nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-043",113,3,43,"具先天性第二型主要組織相容性複合體（MHC class II）缺陷的人，體內易有何種病變？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"糖尿病","關節炎","因 T 淋巴細胞缺乏而易受感染","高血壓","C",null,[],"本題考點在於第二型主要組織相容性複合體（MHC class II）的功能與其缺陷後果。MHC class II 表現於抗原呈現細胞，負責把外源抗原胜肽呈現給 CD4 輔助型 T 細胞，是 CD4 T 細胞在胸腺正選擇與周邊活化的關鍵。先天缺陷（裸淋巴球症候群）會使 CD4 T 淋巴細胞無法正常發育與活化，導致嚴重複合型免疫缺陷、易受各類感染，選 C。糖尿病、關節炎雖與特定 HLA 型別的自體免疫傾向有關聯，但那是「特定 MHC 等位基因的疾病關聯」，並非 MHC II「缺陷」的直接後果；高血壓屬心血管疾病，與 MHC II 無免疫機轉關聯。三者皆非缺陷的核心病變。","口訣：MHC I（所有有核細胞）配 CD8 殺手 T；MHC II（抗原呈現細胞）配 CD4 輔助 T——數字相乘皆為 8（1×8、2×4）。裸淋巴球症候群即 MHC II 表現缺失，CD4 T 幾近缺乏，體液與細胞免疫雙雙受損，屬原發性免疫缺陷。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"MHC class II",4,{"term":29,"count":30},"CD4 輔助型 T 細胞",2,{"term":32,"count":30},"抗原呈現",{"term":34,"count":35},"裸淋巴球症候群",1,[37,41,46,51,56,61],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-044","下列何種並非具致病性葡萄球菌之特色？",44,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":30},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-040","一位乳癌患者經化療藥物治療後，產生嚴重心臟毒性，最可能是使用下列何種抗癌藥物？",40,114,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":35},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-034","緩解支氣管平滑肌痙攣（bronchospasm），使用下列何種藥物最佳？",34,115,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":30},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-052","下列那一藥物適用於阿茲海默症之治療？",52,106,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":35},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-016","眼睛的水樣液（aquemous humor）是由何構造分泌？",16,108,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":35},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-050","下列藥物中，何者較適合用於患有糖尿病的高血壓患者？",50,109,"2026-09-04",1788510751847]