[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-039":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-113-3-基礎醫學-039","nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-039",113,3,39,"下列抗癌藥物中，何者不屬於烷基化藥物（alkylating agents）？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"cyclophosphamide","methotrexate","lomustine","temozolomide","B",null,[],"本題考點在於抗癌藥物的作用機轉分類，須找出唯一不屬於烷基化藥物者。烷基化藥物以烷基共價接上 DNA 鹼基（尤其鳥嘌呤 N7），造成 DNA 交聯、複製受阻。methotrexate 並非此類，它是抗代謝藥物，屬葉酸類似物，競爭性抑制二氫葉酸還原酶（DHFR），阻斷四氫葉酸生成而干擾核苷酸與 DNA 合成，選 B。其餘皆為烷基化藥物：cyclophosphamide 為典型氮芥類；lomustine 為亞硝基脲類（nitrosourea），脂溶性高可穿越血腦障壁；temozolomide 為咪唑類烷化劑，用於腦瘤。三者共通機轉皆為烷基化 DNA。","記憶法：抗代謝藥多為「像養分的假貨」——methotrexate 假葉酸、5-FU 假嘧啶、6-MP 假嘌呤，靠結構相似騙過酵素。烷基化藥則直接「黏死」DNA。lomustine（CCNU）與 carmustine（BCNU）能過血腦障壁，是腦瘤化療特色考點。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"二氫葉酸還原酶",{"term":28,"count":29},"烷基化藥物",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"抗代謝藥物",{"term":33,"count":29},"methotrexate 葉酸拮抗",[35,39,45,50,55,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-040","下列那一個藥物屬於 topoisomerase I 抑制劑？",40,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":44},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-036","有關 Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors （ ACEIs）用於治療心衰竭的作用機制之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",36,114,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":29},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-030","葡萄狀肉瘤（sarcoma botryoides）的腫瘤細胞是往那個方向分化（differentiation）？",30,115,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":44},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-048","波特氏病（Pott disease）與那種病變最有關係？",48,106,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":29},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-012","有關食道之敘述何者正確？",12,108,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":29},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-046","下列關於乳癌的敘述何者錯誤？",46,109,"2026-09-04",1788510751815]