[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-033":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-113-3-基礎醫學-033","nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-033",113,3,33,"下列藥物中，何者不作為躁鬱症（mania and bipolar disorder）的治療用藥？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"carbamazepine","lithium","loratadine","valproic acid","C",null,[],"本題考點在於躁鬱症(雙相情緒障礙)的藥物治療分類,為反向題,要挑出「非」治療用藥者。loratadine 是第二代抗組織胺(H1 受體拮抗劑),用於過敏性鼻炎與蕁麻疹,與情緒穩定無關,故 C 為正解。A carbamazepine 是抗癲癇藥,也作為情緒穩定劑用於躁鬱症。B lithium(鋰鹽)是躁鬱症的經典首選情緒穩定劑,可控制躁期並降低自殺風險。D valproic acid(丙戊酸)同為抗癲癇兼情緒穩定劑,常用於急性躁期。掌握「情緒穩定劑三大類:鋰鹽、抗癲癇藥(valproate、carbamazepine、lamotrigine)、非典型抗精神病藥」的架構,即可辨識抗組織胺 loratadine 完全不屬此列。","躁鬱症用藥:情緒穩定劑首選鋰鹽(治療濃度窄約 0.6–1.2 mEq\u002FL,須監測血中濃度以防中毒,腎與甲狀腺功能亦需追蹤);抗癲癇類 valproate、carbamazepine 用於躁期或混合型;lamotrigine 偏重預防鬱期;急性躁狂常加非典型抗精神病藥(如 quetiapine、olanzapine)。抗憂鬱劑單用可能誘發轉躁,需謹慎。loratadine 與情緒無關,是干擾項。記憶陷阱:carbamazepine 與 valproate 是「抗癲癇兼穩定情緒」的雙棲藥,別因它們是抗癲癇藥就排除。鋰中毒早期徵象包括噁心、顫抖、多尿與意識改變。",[25,28,30,32],{"term":26,"count":27},"躁鬱症情緒穩定劑",1,{"term":29,"count":27},"鋰鹽",{"term":31,"count":27},"valproic acid 與 carbamazepine",{"term":33,"count":27},"loratadine 為抗組織胺",[35,39,45,50,55,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-034","下列藥物中，何者為 calcitonin gene-related peptide（CGRP）受體拮抗劑，除了可緩解急性偏頭痛（acute migraine）症狀，亦可用於預防偏頭痛？",34,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":44},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-030","痛風為尿酸鈉結晶沉積於關節或附近組織造成發炎反應，關於痛風的臨床表現下列何者正確？",30,114,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":27},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-024","有關流行性感冒病毒（influenza virus），下列敘述何者正確？",24,115,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":44},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-042","何謂波雷特氏食道（Barrett esophagus）？",42,106,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":27},"nurse-108-1-basic-medicine-006","下列何者直接與副睪相連？",6,108,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":27},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-040","一位中年男性於月前發生腦梗塞後，醫師在後續電腦斷層掃描檢查時，在皮質部發現一個囊狀的區域，這個變化最可能造成原因是腦組織發生：",40,109,"2026-09-04",1788510751773]