[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":68},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-026":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":37,"lastmod":67},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-113-3-基礎醫學-026","nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-026",113,3,26,"血液中何種白血球增多與過敏性疾病（allergic diseases）最相關？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"嗜中性球（neutrophil）","嗜酸性球（eosinophil）","單核球（monocyte）","淋巴球（lymphocyte）","B",null,[],"本題考點在於各類白血球與過敏性疾病的關聯。嗜酸性球(eosinophil)在第一型過敏反應與寄生蟲感染時顯著增多,其顆粒含主要鹼性蛋白等物質,參與過敏後期發炎與組織反應,故過敏性疾病最相關的白血球是嗜酸性球,選 B。A 嗜中性球主要對抗急性細菌感染,是急性化膿性發炎的主力,非過敏標記。C 單核球分化為巨噬細胞,參與慢性發炎與吞噬清除,與過敏關聯不特異。D 淋巴球主司特異性免疫(B 細胞產抗體、T 細胞細胞免疫),雖 IgE 由 B 細胞漿細胞產生,但過敏「血中增多最相關」的指標仍以嗜酸性球為著。掌握「嗜酸性球升高＝過敏或寄生蟲」的臨床記憶即可作答。","第一型(立即型)過敏機轉:過敏原使 B 細胞產生 IgE,IgE 附著肥大細胞與嗜鹼性球表面,再次接觸過敏原時交聯 IgE、脫顆粒釋出組織胺等介質引發速發反應;數小時後嗜酸性球被吸引至局部造成後期反應。臨床上氣喘、過敏性鼻炎、異位性皮膚炎與寄生蟲感染常見血中及組織嗜酸性球增多。白血球記憶口訣:嗜中性—細菌急性、嗜酸性—過敏寄生蟲、嗜鹼性—過敏介質釋放、淋巴球—病毒與特異免疫、單核球—慢性發炎與吞噬。嗜酸性球的正常比例約占白血球 1–4%。",[25,28,31,34],{"term":26,"count":27},"第一型過敏反應",12,{"term":29,"count":30},"IgE",8,{"term":32,"count":33},"寄生蟲感染",2,{"term":35,"count":36},"嗜酸性球",1,[38,42,47,52,57,62],{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-027","肝硬化（cirrhosis）會造成腹水（ascites）是和下列何種原因有關？",27,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":46,"session":33},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-023","下列何種自體抗體（autoantibody）與全身性紅斑性狼瘡（systemic lupus erythematosus）最相關？",23,114,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":36},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-017","下列有關子宮內膜（endometrium）的敘述，何者正確？",17,115,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":33},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-035","肺循環血栓栓塞（pulmonary thromboembolism）主要是塞在何部位？",35,106,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":33},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-079","下列病毒何者在複製過程中，並未經過反轉錄（reverse transcription）的階段？",79,107,{"webId":63,"stem":64,"number":65,"year":66,"session":36},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-033","肺動脈栓塞導致死亡，是屬於那類的休克？",33,109,"2026-09-04",1788510751706]