[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-024":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-113-3-基礎醫學-024","nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-024",113,3,24,"下列何者不是慢性酗酒的常見後遺症？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"周邊神經病變（peripheral neuropathy）","擴張性心肌症（dilated cardiomyopathy）","慢性胰臟炎（chronic pancreatitis）","橫紋肌溶解（rhabdomyolysis）","D",null,[],"本題考點在於慢性酗酒的常見長期後遺症,為反向題,要挑出「不是」常見後遺症者。慢性酗酒典型併發神經、心臟、胰臟與肝臟的慢性損害。A 周邊神經病變常見,與酒精毒性及維生素 B1(硫胺)缺乏有關。B 擴張性心肌症是長期酒精毒性造成心肌損傷的典型表現(酒精性心肌病)。C 慢性胰臟炎是酗酒最主要成因之一,反覆發炎致胰腺纖維化。D 橫紋肌溶解雖可在急性大量酗酒或酒精中毒昏迷壓迫時偶發,但並非慢性酗酒的「常見長期後遺症」,故 D 為正解。掌握「慢性酒精傷害多為神經、心肌、胰臟、肝臟的漸進性病變」的架構,即可辨識橫紋肌溶解屬急性偶發而非慢性常見。","酒精多系統毒性整理:肝臟(脂肪肝→酒精性肝炎→肝硬化)、神經(周邊神經病變、韋尼克—科薩科夫症候群因 B1 缺乏)、心血管(擴張性心肌病、高血壓)、胰臟(急慢性胰臟炎)、血液(巨球性貧血、血小板低下)、消化道(食道靜脈曲張、胃炎)與腫瘤風險上升。橫紋肌溶解較常見於急性重度中毒併長時間昏迷肢體受壓、癲癇或戒斷抽搐,屬急性事件而非慢性積累的後遺症。臨床評估慢性酗酒者務必補充硫胺(先於葡萄糖給予)以防誘發韋尼克腦病。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"慢性胰臟炎",2,{"term":29,"count":30},"慢性酗酒",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"酒精性心肌病",{"term":34,"count":30},"橫紋肌溶解屬急性偶發",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-025","下列為心肌梗塞（myocardial infarction）的病理變化，請依出現的先後時序予以排列：①嗜中性球浸潤（neutrophilicinfiltration） ②吞噬細胞（macrophages）清除死亡的細胞 ③心肌出現凝固性壞死（coagulative necrosis） ④肉芽組織（granulation tissue）出現，並有膠原纖維（collagen）堆積",25,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":27},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-021","下列何種病灶的發炎反應形式與其他三種最不相同？",21,114,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":30},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-015","下列何者是供應下肢養分的最主要血管？",15,115,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":27},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-033","下列何者不是可逆性細胞損傷的變化？",33,106,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":27},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-077","下列何種肝炎病毒，主要經由飲食傳染？",77,107,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":30},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-031","下列何者是人體細胞外液最重要的緩衝系統？",31,109,"2026-09-04",1788510751691]