[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":67},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-018":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":66},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-113-3-基礎醫學-018","nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-018",113,3,18,"抗利尿激素（antidiuretic hormone）在下列那個腦區合成？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"下視丘視上核（supraoptic nucleus）","視丘前核（anterior nucleus）","大腦基底核（basal ganglia）","中腦黑質（substantia nigra）","A",null,[],"本題考點在於抗利尿激素(ADH,又稱血管加壓素 vasopressin)的合成部位。ADH 由下視丘的視上核(supraoptic nucleus)神經元合成(另有部分於室旁核),經下視丘—垂體束軸突運送並儲存於腦下腺後葉,再由後葉釋放入血,故選 A。B 視丘前核屬視丘的核團,參與邊緣系統迴路,與 ADH 合成無關。C 大腦基底核主司運動的協調與調控(如巴金森病相關),不分泌 ADH。D 中腦黑質富含多巴胺神經元、與運動調控相關,亦非 ADH 合成處。掌握「下視丘合成、後葉儲存釋放」的分工即可鎖定答案,關鍵在辨識視上核與室旁核為神經內分泌起源。","腦下腺後葉本身不合成激素,它是下視丘神經元軸突末梢的釋放站:視上核主產 ADH、室旁核主產催產素(oxytocin),兩者經神經分泌方式運至後葉。ADH 作用於腎臟集尿管的 V2 受體,促使水通道蛋白(aquaporin-2)嵌入管腔膜以再吸收水分、濃縮尿液,並在高濃度時經 V1 受體收縮血管。相關疾病:ADH 不足或腎不反應造成尿崩症(大量稀尿);ADH 過度分泌造成 SIADH(低血鈉、尿濃縮)。記憶:視上顧水(ADH)、室旁顧產(oxytocin);前葉自製、後葉代放。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"抗利尿激素",4,{"term":29,"count":30},"下視丘視上核",1,{"term":32,"count":30},"腦下腺後葉",{"term":34,"count":30},"水通道蛋白",[36,40,46,51,56,61],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-019","有關氣胸（pneumothorax）後的敘述，下列何者最適當？",19,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":45},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-015","下列那個腦區是主要調控褪黑素（melatonin）的分泌？",15,114,2,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":30},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-009","利尿劑主要作用機制為下列何者？",9,115,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":45},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-027","在正常的心電圖中，QRS 複合波是因下列何者產生的？",27,106,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":45},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-071","Bordetella pertussis 造成百日咳的病程中，那一時期菌量最高，也最具傳染力？",71,107,{"webId":62,"stem":63,"number":64,"year":65,"session":30},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-025","在心肌動作電位中，高原期的維持是因心肌細胞有：",25,109,"2026-09-04",1788510751650]