[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-014":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":34,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":26},"nurse-113-3-基礎醫學-014","nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-014",113,3,14,"下列何者促進脂質分解，增加血中脂肪酸濃度的效果最強？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"胰島素","生長激素","礦物皮質素","升糖激素","B",null,[],"本題考點在於各激素對脂質代謝(脂解作用)的影響強弱。生長激素(growth hormone)具強烈的促脂解作用,能活化脂肪組織的荷爾蒙敏感性脂解酶,使三酸甘油酯分解、大幅增加血中游離脂肪酸,並促進以脂肪為能量來源、節省葡萄糖,故選 B。A 胰島素作用相反,它促進脂肪合成與儲存、抑制脂解,會降低血中脂肪酸。C 礦物皮質素(如醛固酮)主司鈉鉀與水分電解質平衡,對脂質分解無顯著作用。D 升糖激素(glucagon)雖有一定促脂解與升血糖作用,但論「增加血中脂肪酸最強」仍以生長激素為著,故非最佳答案。抓住「生長激素＝促脂解、抗胰島素、升血糖」的代謝角色即可作答。","生長激素的代謝效應具「抗胰島素」特性:促進脂解與糖質新生、抑制周邊組織攝取葡萄糖,故過量(如肢端肥大症)易併發糖尿病。其促生長作用多經肝臟分泌的 IGF-1 媒介,但代謝效應(脂解、升血糖)則多為直接作用。對比記憶,促脂解激素群包括生長激素、升糖素、腎上腺素、皮質醇與甲狀腺素(統稱應激\u002F反調節激素),共同對抗胰島素;唯一主要降血糖與促合成的是胰島素。空腹或運動時生長激素上升,正是動員脂肪供能的生理設計。",[25,27,30,32],{"term":16,"count":26},7,{"term":28,"count":29},"脂解作用",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"游離脂肪酸",{"term":33,"count":29},"抗胰島素效應",[35,39,45,50,55,60],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-015","下列有關女性排卵的敘述，何者正確？",15,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":44},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-011","次級主動運輸（secondary active transport）的直接動力來自：",11,114,2,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":49,"session":29},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-005","下列氣體與血紅素的親合力，何者最高？",5,115,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":44},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-023","因自體免疫而破壞所有腎上腺皮質組織時，下列何者生合成受影響？",23,106,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":44},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-067","個體受到細菌感染時，下列何種細胞最早聚集在感染部位？",67,107,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":29},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-021","出生後，骨骼肌（skeletal muscle）受損傷或死亡，下列那一種細胞可進行修補？",21,109,"2026-09-04",1788510751609]