[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-013":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":36,"lastmod":65},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":27},"nurse-113-3-基礎醫學-013","nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-013",113,3,13,"食用含有河豚毒素（tetrodotoxin）的生魚片之後出現肌肉麻痺的現象，此現象為何種通道被阻斷所致？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"鉀通道","鈣通道","鈉通道","氯通道","C",null,[],"本題考點在於河豚毒素(tetrodotoxin, TTX)的作用機轉。河豚毒素是專一性的電壓依賴性鈉通道阻斷劑,結合於鈉通道細胞外側孔口而阻止鈉離子內流,使神經與肌肉細胞無法產生動作電位,導致訊號傳導中斷、肌肉麻痺與呼吸衰竭,故選 C 鈉通道。A 鉀通道主要負責動作電位的再極化,若被阻斷會延長動作電位,並非 TTX 標的。B 鈣通道阻斷影響的是神經末梢神經傳遞物釋放與心肌收縮,非河豚毒素的主要作用。D 氯通道與抑制性突觸及靜止膜穩定有關,亦非 TTX 標的。掌握「河豚毒素＝鈉通道阻斷、動作電位起始被切斷」的核心即可鎖定答案。","動作電位靠電壓門控鈉通道快速去極化(上升相)啟動,TTX 選擇性阻斷此通道故直接消除動作電位,毒性極強且無專一解毒劑,處理以支持性呼吸維持為主,待毒素代謝。對比記憶:TTX 與 saxitoxin(貝毒)皆阻斷鈉通道細胞外側;局部麻醉劑(如 lidocaine)則從細胞內側阻斷鈉通道;而 batrachotoxin 反使鈉通道持續開啟。臨床上 TTX 中毒表現典型的由口周麻木向四肢擴散、上行性麻痺,意識常清醒,只要撐過呼吸衰竭期多可恢復。",[25,28,31,33],{"term":26,"count":27},"動作電位",4,{"term":29,"count":30},"河豚毒素",2,{"term":32,"count":30},"電壓門控鈉通道",{"term":34,"count":35},"肌肉麻痺",1,[37,41,46,50,55,60],{"webId":38,"stem":39,"number":40,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-014","下列何者促進脂質分解，增加血中脂肪酸濃度的效果最強？",14,{"webId":42,"stem":43,"number":44,"year":45,"session":30},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-010","下列何者攜帶的神經纖維刺激耳下腺的分泌？",10,114,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":27,"year":49,"session":35},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-004","心室細胞在生理狀態下之靜止膜電位約為多少？",115,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":30},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-022","某人出現咀嚼困難、臉頰喪失觸覺等症狀。此人最可能受損的腦神經是：",22,106,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":30},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-066","下列何者是抗體的功能？",66,107,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":35},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-020","下列那一腦區病變最可能造成表達性失語症（expressive aphasia）？",20,109,"2026-09-04",1788510751590]