[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":65},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-011":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":6,"question":7,"related":35,"lastmod":64},"基礎醫學","basic-medicine","基礎醫學(包括解剖學、生理學、病理學、藥理學、微生物學與免疫學)",{"id":8,"webId":9,"year":10,"session":11,"subject":4,"number":12,"stem":13,"options":14,"answer":19,"answerNote":20,"images":21,"explanation":22,"explanationDeep":23,"topics":24,"freq":11},"nurse-113-3-基礎醫學-011","nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-011",113,3,11,"在骨骼肌細胞（skeletal muscle cell）收縮過程中，產生力擊（power stroke）後，肌凝蛋白（myosin）會與 ①結合，並造成橫橋（cross-bridge）與肌動蛋白（actin）發生②的反應，下列①、②配對，何者正確？",{"A":15,"B":16,"C":17,"D":18},"①ATP，②連接","①ATP，②分離","①鈣離子，②連接","①鈣離子，②分離","B",null,[],"本題考點在於骨骼肌收縮的橫橋循環(cross-bridge cycle)中 ATP 的角色。力擊(power stroke)完成後,肌凝蛋白頭部仍緊附在肌動蛋白上(僵直態),此時必須有新的 ATP 結合到肌凝蛋白頭部,才能使橫橋與肌動蛋白「分離」,故①為 ATP、②為分離,選 B。ATP 隨後被水解為 ADP＋Pi,使頭部重新翹起(recocking)進入下一循環。C、D 把①填為鈣離子皆錯:鈣離子的作用是與旋轉素(troponin)結合、移開旋轉肌動蛋白(tropomyosin)以暴露結合位點,啟動收縮,並不直接使橫橋鬆脫。A 雖正確填 ATP 卻把②寫成「連接」,方向相反,因 ATP 一結合是造成分離而非連接。抓住「無 ATP 則橫橋鬆不開」即可判斷。","橫橋循環四步:①ATP 結合使頭部與肌動蛋白分離→②ATP 水解為 ADP＋Pi、頭部上翹成高能態→③頭部結合肌動蛋白並釋出 Pi 觸發力擊(拉動細肌絲)→④釋出 ADP 回到僵直態等待下一個 ATP。這正解釋屍僵(rigor mortis):死後 ATP 耗竭,肌凝頭無法脫離肌動蛋白,肌肉僵硬。記憶:ATP 有兩個功用——「結合鬆開」與「水解上膛」。此外鈣離子的移除靠肌漿網上的鈣幫浦(SERCA)主動回收,同樣耗 ATP,故鬆弛也需能量。",[25,27,29,32],{"term":26,"count":11},"橫橋循環",{"term":28,"count":11},"ATP",{"term":30,"count":31},"肌凝蛋白",2,{"term":33,"count":34},"屍僵",1,[36,40,45,49,54,59],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":10,"session":11},"nurse-113-3-basic-medicine-012","車禍造成大腦枕葉損傷，最可能造成下列何種症狀？",12,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":31},"nurse-114-2-basic-medicine-008","下列何者是牙齒的主體結構？",8,114,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":31,"year":48,"session":34},"nurse-115-1-basic-medicine-002","手舉起椅子一動也不動地罰站，此時維持靜止且正在施力的上臂肌肉之收縮型態為下列何者？",115,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":31},"nurse-106-2-basic-medicine-020","下列何種神經傳遞物質，生成後並不儲存於突觸囊泡內？",20,106,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":31},"nurse-107-2-basic-medicine-064","下列何種免疫製劑，可以阻斷病毒複製及增強宿主免疫力，在臨床上用於治療 B 型肝炎？",64,107,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":62,"year":63,"session":34},"nurse-109-1-basic-medicine-018","下列何者不是下視丘的主要功能？",18,109,"2026-09-04",1788510751577]