[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-033":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":63},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-113-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-033","nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-033",113,2,33,"在社區健康評估的方法中，擋風玻璃式調查（windshield survey）的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"透過參與社區活動，進行對社區直接或間接的觀察，收集社區互動與溝通、領導型態等資料","透過視、聽、嗅、味、觸等感官，收集社區民眾生活型態、物理環境及居民互動情形等資料","透過溝通與訪談社區關鍵人物，收集社區發展、環境變遷及居民健康狀態等資料","透過社區衛生護理師選取部分社區居民，瞭解其對社區特定事項的看法","B",null,[],"本題考點在於社區健康評估方法中「擋風玻璃式調查(windshield survey)」的定義。此法是評估者以步行或乘車巡視社區,運用視、聽、嗅、味、觸等感官,直接觀察並收集社區民眾生活型態、物理環境(住宅、道路、綠地)及居民互動情形等第一手資料,敘述符合者為 B,故選 B。選項 A 描述的是「參與式觀察」,強調透過參與活動收集互動與領導型態,非擋風玻璃法的定點感官觀察;選項 C 描述的是「關鍵人物訪談(key informant)」,以訪談社區重要人士取得資料;選項 D 描述的是選取部分居民了解特定看法,屬「調查法\u002F焦點團體」。判斷關鍵在於擋風玻璃法的核心是「巡視環境、動用五官的直接觀察」。","windshield survey 名稱來自「隔著擋風玻璃看社區」,是社區評估最快速、成本最低的初步方法,用來形成整體印象。與其他資料收集法對比:參與觀察(融入社區活動)、關鍵人物訪談(質性深度)、問卷調查(量化代表性)、次級資料分析(既有統計)。五官觀察重點包含住宅型態、公共設施、環境衛生、交通、族群與人際互動氛圍等,常作為後續深入評估的導引。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"擋風玻璃式調查 windshield survey",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"社區健康評估方法",{"term":30,"count":26},"五官直接觀察",{"term":32,"count":26},"關鍵人物訪談對比",[34,38,43,48,53,58],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-034","依學校衛生法，某國小全校班級數為 45 班，有關學校衛生人力配置之敘述，下列何者正確？",34,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":26},"nurse-114-1-psychiatric-community-030","在疫情期間維持適當社交距離，是針對三角致病模式（epidemiological triangle）中那一因素的處理策略？",30,114,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":47},"nurse-114-3-psychiatric-community-024","張先生為慢性思覺失調症病人，剛住進康復之家，下列何者是張先生最適當的復健目標？",24,3,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":51,"year":52,"session":26},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-072","有關我國學校衛生的描述，下列何者錯誤？",72,106,{"webId":54,"stem":55,"number":56,"year":57,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-036","陳小姐，28 歲，診斷為思覺失調症（昔稱精神分裂症），剛接受醫師轉介接受精神復健機構（住宿型）的照護服務，有關該項服務，下列何者正確？",36,107,{"webId":59,"stem":60,"number":61,"year":62,"session":26},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-070","目前全民健保所提供的免費產前檢查項目，下列何者正確？",70,109,"2026-09-04",1788510756041]