[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":66},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-020":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":35,"lastmod":65},"精神科與社區衛生護理學","psychiatric-community",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-113-2-精神科與社區衛生護理學-020","nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-020",113,2,20,"林小弟，7 歲，診斷為自閉症類群障礙症（autism spectrum disorder），近期在校出現暴力攻擊行為而入院接受治療，下列敘述何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"抗精神病藥物如 Haloperidol 副作用多，可能影響林小弟發育，因此臨床上不建議使用","可運用消弱法等技巧，改善林小弟不當行為","為避免林小弟傷害他人，給予長時間隔離","藥物使用 1 個月後症狀未改善，可再增加劑量持續使用 1 個月","B",null,[],"本題考點在於自閉症類群障礙症(ASD)合併行為問題的處置原則,涵蓋行為治療與藥物使用觀念。B 正確:運用消弱法(extinction)等行為改變技術,可減少不當行為並強化適當行為,是 ASD 行為介入的核心方法,故為正確答案。A 錯誤:抗精神病藥(如 risperidone、Haloperidol)在 ASD 合併嚴重攻擊或自傷時仍會使用,並非「臨床上不建議使用」,而是權衡效益與副作用後謹慎使用。C 錯誤:長時間隔離屬過度限制且違反最小限制原則,不應作為避免傷人的常規手段。D 錯誤:藥物一個月未改善即「持續增加劑量再用一個月」的說法過於武斷,應重新評估診斷、劑量與治療計畫,而非盲目加量。考點在於 ASD 以行為介入為主、藥物為輔且需審慎評估。","ASD 行為介入以應用行為分析(ABA)為基礎,善用正增強塑造適當行為、消弱減少問題行為,並建立結構化與可預測的環境。藥物(非典型抗精神病藥)僅針對合併的攻擊、自傷、易怒等目標症狀,需監測代謝與錐體外副作用並定期評估療效。隔離應為最後手段。記憶:ASD 先行為介入,藥物是輔助且要評估,不盲目加量或長期隔離。",[24,27,30,33],{"term":25,"count":26},"最小限制原則",12,{"term":28,"count":29},"自閉症類群障礙症",8,{"term":31,"count":32},"行為改變技術(消弱\u002F增強)",1,{"term":34,"count":32},"抗精神病藥審慎使用",[36,40,45,50,55,60],{"webId":37,"stem":38,"number":39,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-psychiatric-community-021","有關老年憂鬱症的治療，下列敘述何者最不適切？",21,{"webId":41,"stem":42,"number":43,"year":44,"session":32},"nurse-114-1-psychiatric-community-017","有關使用嗎啡之敘述，下列何者正確？",17,114,{"webId":46,"stem":47,"number":48,"year":44,"session":49},"nurse-114-3-psychiatric-community-011","楊小姐，診斷第一型雙相情緒障礙症（bipolar I disorder），說話滔滔不絕有意念飛躍現象，情緒高亢，易怒不安，吃飯不專心，洗澡洗頭易分心，入睡困難，近日曾與陌生人發生性行為。下列何項是楊小姐之主要健康問題？①自我照顧能力缺失 ②潛在危險性對自我的暴力行為 ③思考過程改變 ④睡眠型態紊亂",11,3,{"webId":51,"stem":52,"number":53,"year":54,"session":32},"nurse-106-1-psychiatric-community-059","下列何者不屬於物理性公害？",59,106,{"webId":56,"stem":57,"number":58,"year":59,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-psychiatric-community-023","武先生，30 歲，診斷為第一型雙相情緒障礙症（昔稱第一型雙極性疾患），目前為躁症發作。護理師給藥時，武先生對護理師說：「我討厭吃藥，吃藥有副作用，昨晚病友打鼾很大聲，很吵，我好想抽菸，抽菸很快樂，醫師何時會來看我，上午或下午…」，武先生的症狀最符合下列何者？",23,107,{"webId":61,"stem":62,"number":63,"year":64,"session":32},"nurse-109-1-psychiatric-community-057","有關學童口腔衛生教學活動的情意目標設定，下列何者正確？",57,109,"2026-09-04",1788510755934]