[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-050":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-113-2-內外科護理學-050","nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-050",113,2,50,"有關臘腸桿菌（Clostridium botulinum）中毒的預防、症狀與治療之敘述，下列何者正確？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"食物可在攝氏 100 度下加熱 10 分鐘以破壞臘腸桿菌","中毒後首先出現神經方面症狀，如視力模糊、瞳孔放大、吞嚥困難等症狀","目前無有效的抗毒素與抗生素治療","臘腸桿菌於真空包裝食品中無法存活","A",null,[],"本題考點在於肉毒桿菌（Clostridium botulinum）中毒的預防、症狀與治療。肉毒毒素為不耐熱蛋白，食物以攝氏 100 度加熱約 10 分鐘可使毒素變性失活，故 A 正確。B 錯在肉毒中毒常先出現腸胃道症狀後才出現對稱性下行性神經麻痺（複視、視力模糊、吞嚥困難），「首先出現神經症狀」敘述不精確；C 錯在已有肉毒抗毒素（antitoxin）可中和游離毒素，並非無有效治療；D 錯在肉毒桿菌為厭氧芽孢菌，真空／罐頭等缺氧環境反而有利其生長產毒，並非無法存活。","重點對比：芽孢耐熱（需高壓滅菌 121°C 才殺孢子），但毒素不耐熱（煮沸可破壞）——所以罐頭鼓起、真空包裝食品要煮透。中毒機轉=毒素阻斷神經肌肉接合處乙醯膽鹼釋放，造成鬆弛性麻痺，典型下行性、對稱、無發燒、意識清楚。治療靠抗毒素＋呼吸支持。嬰兒肉毒禁餵蜂蜜。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"肉毒桿菌毒素不耐熱",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"厭氧芽孢菌",{"term":30,"count":26},"下行性鬆弛性麻痺",{"term":32,"count":26},"肉毒抗毒素",[34,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":26,"year":9,"session":37},"nurse-113-3-medical-surgical-001","下列診斷檢查敘述何者錯誤？",3,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":26},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-047","有關2020年美國心臟醫學會（American Heart Association, AHA）公告準則，啟動院內心臟停止（IHCA）生命之鏈（chain of survival）的次序，下列何者正確？①提供高品質心肺復甦        ②去顫   ③早期監測與預防    ④心臟驟停後照護    ⑤復原   ⑥啟動緊急應變系統",47,114,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":37},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-041","有關中樞性尿崩症，下列敘述何者最適當？",41,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-009","有關肝硬化病人會出現手掌紅斑之原因，下列何者正確？",9,106,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-053","一位肺氣腫病人突然覺得呼吸短促，醫生診斷為自發性氣胸，下列何者是造成此情形最可能的原因？",53,107,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":26},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-007","有關脊髓損傷造成弛緩型神經性膀胱的排尿訓練，下列何者正確？",7,109,"2026-09-04",1788510755315]