[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":64},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-049":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":34,"lastmod":63},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-113-2-內外科護理學-049","nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-049",113,2,49,"當意識不清病人被送至急診，檢查瞳孔兩側等大且小於 2.0 mm，可能為下列何者中毒？①有機磷 ②安非他命 ③鴉片 ④古柯鹼",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"①②","①③","②④","③④","B",null,[],"本題考點在於針狀瞳孔（pinpoint pupil，兩側等大且 \u003C2 mm）對應的中毒物質。①有機磷屬膽鹼酯酶抑制劑，蓄積之乙醯膽鹼刺激副交感造成縮瞳；③鴉片類作用於瞳孔動眼神經副交感核亦造成明顯縮瞳，兩者皆為針狀瞳孔典型，故選 B（①③）。②安非他命與④古柯鹼為擬交感神經興奮劑，會使瞳孔散大而非縮小，故不符合本題「小於 2.0 mm」的縮瞳表現。","縮瞳（miosis）記法：有機磷（膽鹼過多，SLUDGE 症候：流涎流淚多尿腹瀉腸鳴嘔吐）、鴉片（呼吸抑制+意識降低+針狀瞳孔為三聯徵）。散瞳（mydriasis）=交感興奮：安非他命、古柯鹼、阿托品、抗膽鹼。臨床以瞳孔大小＋呼吸型態＋分泌物快速鎖定毒物類別，有機磷解毒用 atropine 與 pralidoxime。",[24,27,30,32],{"term":25,"count":26},"有機磷中毒",6,{"term":28,"count":29},"針狀瞳孔",1,{"term":31,"count":29},"鴉片類中毒",{"term":33,"count":29},"擬交感神經散瞳",[35,39,44,49,54,59],{"webId":36,"stem":37,"number":38,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-050","有關臘腸桿菌（Clostridium botulinum）中毒的預防、症狀與治療之敘述，下列何者正確？",50,{"webId":40,"stem":41,"number":42,"year":43,"session":29},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-046","有關糖尿病足病人運動時鞋襪選擇之建議，下列何者錯誤？",46,114,{"webId":45,"stem":46,"number":47,"year":43,"session":48},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-040","有關高血鈣及其照護，下列敘述何者最適當？",40,3,{"webId":50,"stem":51,"number":52,"year":53,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-008","下列何者為重症肌無力病人最早出現的症狀？",8,106,{"webId":55,"stem":56,"number":57,"year":58,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-052","有關免疫反應之身體屏障的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",52,107,{"webId":60,"stem":61,"number":26,"year":62,"session":29},"nurse-109-1-medical-surgical-006","75 歲老人最近心情抑鬱，對外在環境興趣缺缺，腦部電腦斷層顯示腦組織萎縮、腦溝變大，下列何者為其最可能診斷？",109,"2026-09-04",1788510755295]