[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-042":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":26},"nurse-113-2-內外科護理學-042","nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-042",113,2,42,"有關腎上腺皮質功能低下症之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"原發性腎上腺皮質功能不全常因腎上腺皮質慢性破壞所致","通常在至少有 10%的腎上腺皮質組織被破壞後，即會出現明顯症狀","原發性腎上腺皮質功能不全病人常因促黑色細胞素（MSH）的過多分泌而使皮膚變深","下視丘分泌的促腎上腺皮質素釋放因子（CRF）不足亦會導致腎上腺皮質功能低下","B",null,[],"本題考點在於腎上腺皮質功能低下（Addison 病）的病因與出現症狀所需的破壞程度。本題為反向題，錯誤敘述為 B：腎上腺皮質儲備量大，需約 90% 皮質組織被破壞後才出現明顯的皮質醇與醛固酮不足症狀，「至少 10% 被破壞即出現症狀」數字錯誤，選 B。A 原發性常因自體免疫或結核等致皮質慢性破壞，正確；C 原發性因負回饋喪失使 ACTH 前驅物與 MSH 分泌增加，造成皮膚色素沉著變深，正確；D 下視丘 CRF（促腎上腺皮質素釋放因子）不足屬次發／三發性,亦可致皮質功能低下，正確。","記法：內分泌腺體儲備豐厚，多要壞到約九成才失償（甲狀腺、腎上腺皆然）。原發（Addison）vs 次發之鑑別關鍵在皮膚色素：原發因 ACTH↑（連帶 MSH 樣活性）而皮膚變黑、且醛固酮缺乏致低鈉高鉀；次發（腦下垂體 ACTH↓或下視丘 CRF↓）ACTH 低、皮膚不黑、醛固酮多保留。危象時需補充糖皮質固醇。",[24,27,29,31],{"term":25,"count":26},"Addison 病",1,{"term":28,"count":26},"腎上腺皮質儲備",{"term":30,"count":26},"ACTH 與 MSH 色素沉著",{"term":32,"count":26},"CRF 次發性低下",[34,38,43,48,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-043","下列何者是與糖尿病小血管病變有關的慢性合併症？①足部神經麻木 ②糖尿病腎病變 ③心肌梗塞 ④腦血管梗塞",43,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":26},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-039","陳先生，88歲，因全身水腫，呼吸喘至急診求治，診斷為急性腎衰竭，下列敘述何者正確？",39,114,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":47},"nurse-114-3-medical-surgical-033","有關急性呼吸衰竭之氧合與通氣的評估，下列敘述何者最適當？",33,3,{"webId":49,"stem":50,"number":26,"year":51,"session":10},"nurse-106-2-medical-surgical-001","林先生因頭部外傷需要裝置顱內壓監測系統的敘述，下列何者錯誤？",106,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-045","關於瀰漫性血管內凝血病人的敘述，下列何者代表護理師需要重新指導預防出血的方法？",45,107,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-079","有關霍亂的症狀與治療之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",79,108,"2026-09-04",1788510755241]