[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":63},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-006":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":62},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-113-2-內外科護理學-006","nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-006",113,2,6,"腦中風病人有吞嚥困難的問題，由口進食的食物性狀須採漸進性改變，下列何者是最後採用的類型？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"液體","半固體","固體","小塊固體","A",null,[],"本題考點是腦中風吞嚥困難病人由口進食時,食物性狀漸進調整的『安全順序』。吞嚥困難者最怕稀薄液體:液體流速快、通過咽部迅速,病人來不及啟動吞嚥保護反射,最容易嗆入呼吸道造成吸入性肺炎;相對地半固體(濃稠、糊狀)在口咽移動慢、較易控制,最安全。因此進食訓練由『最安全』往『最具挑戰』推進:先半固體,再逐步進展到固體、小塊固體,最後才嘗試液體。故最後採用的類型是液體,選A。B、C、D均較液體易於控制,屬較早階段,非最後採用者。","機轉主軸:吞嚥安全與否取決於『對食團的控制時間』——愈濃稠、移動愈慢,愈能讓延遲的吞嚥反射跟上,保護氣道。故稀薄液體是吞嚥復健『最後、最難』的一關,臨床常先以增稠劑把液體調成蜂蜜狀或花蜜狀過渡。護理配套(觀念延伸,非醫囑):進食採直立坐姿、下巴微收(chin-tuck)、小口慢食、每口確認吞下再進下一口、餐後維持坐姿避免逆流。對比迷思:很多人直覺以為固體最難、液體最好吞,恰好相反——這正是本題設計的辨析重點。",[24,26,29,31],{"term":25,"count":10},"吸入性肺炎",{"term":27,"count":28},"吞嚥困難進食順序",1,{"term":30,"count":28},"稀薄液體嗆咳風險",{"term":32,"count":28},"食物性狀漸進調整",[34,38,43,47,52,57],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-007","有關胃癌的敘述，下列何者正確？",7,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":42,"session":28},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-003","有關頭部外傷相關合併症的敘述，下列何者正確？",3,114,{"webId":44,"stem":45,"number":46,"year":42,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-047","由 119 救護車送來一位因車禍 OHCA（out of hospital cardiac arrest）的病人到急診，下列敘述何者正確？",47,{"webId":48,"stem":49,"number":50,"year":51,"session":28},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-045","有關燒傷病人利尿期出現代謝性酸中毒之原因，下列何者錯誤？",45,106,{"webId":53,"stem":54,"number":55,"year":56,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-009","有關肝性腦病變之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",9,107,{"webId":58,"stem":59,"number":60,"year":61,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-043","王先生從火災現場被救出，評估發現其鼻毛燒焦、聲音嘶啞、喘鳴聲、碳粒痰、呼吸有燒焦味，下列何者為王先生最可能的診斷？",43,108,"2026-09-04",1788510754896]