[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":62},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-005":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectFullName":4,"question":6,"related":33,"lastmod":61},"內外科護理學","medical-surgical",{"id":7,"webId":8,"year":9,"session":10,"subject":4,"number":11,"stem":12,"options":13,"answer":18,"answerNote":19,"images":20,"explanation":21,"explanationDeep":22,"topics":23,"freq":10},"nurse-113-2-內外科護理學-005","nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-005",113,2,5,"20 歲男性，清晨騎乘重機外出不小心與大卡車擦撞滑倒顳側先著地，送醫時 GCS E4V5M6，為安全起見留院觀察，2 小時後病人突然喪失意識，診斷為硬膜上出血，下列敘述何者錯誤？",{"A":14,"B":15,"C":16,"D":17},"主要是靜脈血管破裂","常先經歷一段正常的清醒期","易出現顱內壓升高的症狀","以手術治療為主","A",null,[],"本題考點在於硬膜上出血(epidural hematoma, EDH)的病理機轉與臨床特徵,本題為找出錯誤敘述的反向題。硬膜上出血多因顳骨骨折損及「中腦膜動脈」(middle meningeal artery)造成動脈性出血,A 稱「主要是靜脈血管破裂」錯誤,即本題答案(靜脈破裂多見於硬膜下出血)。B 正確:典型病程常有短暫清醒期(lucid interval),受傷昏迷後短暫清醒,隨血腫擴大再度惡化;C 正確:動脈出血快速累積,易迅速出現顱內壓升高症狀;D 正確:EDH 常需緊急手術清除血腫、止血減壓。故選 A。","對比記憶:硬膜上出血(EDH)—動脈性、常見中腦膜動脈、CT 呈凸透鏡狀(雙凸形)、有清醒期、進展快需急救手術;硬膜下出血(SDH)—靜脈性(橋靜脈撕裂)、CT 呈新月狀、常見於年長或抗凝者、病程可較緩。本題把 EDH 的出血來源誤植為靜脈,是最典型陷阱,抓住「顳部撞擊+清醒期+動脈」即可鎖定。",[24,26,28,30],{"term":25,"count":10},"硬膜上出血",{"term":27,"count":10},"中腦膜動脈",{"term":29,"count":10},"清醒期",{"term":31,"count":32},"硬膜下出血對比",1,[34,38,42,46,51,56],{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":9,"session":10},"nurse-113-2-medical-surgical-006","腦中風病人有吞嚥困難的問題，由口進食的食物性狀須採漸進性改變，下列何者是最後採用的類型？",6,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":10,"year":41,"session":32},"nurse-114-1-medical-surgical-002","多發性硬化症病人之日常活動護理指導，下列敘述何者正確？",114,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":41,"session":10},"nurse-114-2-medical-surgical-046","有關副甲狀腺機能亢進造成的影響，下列何者錯誤？",46,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":50,"session":32},"nurse-106-1-medical-surgical-044","有關自體皮膚移植病人的護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",44,106,{"webId":52,"stem":53,"number":54,"year":55,"session":10},"nurse-107-2-medical-surgical-008","有關腦血管攝影術後的護理措施，下列何者錯誤？",8,107,{"webId":57,"stem":58,"number":59,"year":60,"session":10},"nurse-108-2-medical-surgical-042","有關燒傷水療法之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",42,108,"2026-09-04",1788510754892]